Rate and predictors of remission and recovery in first-episode psychosis: A 12-year follow-up of randomized-controlled trial on early intervention
摘要
Remission and recovery are key treatment goals in psychotic disorders. This was a 12-year follow-up of a single-blind randomized-controlled trial (RCT) comparing 1-year extension of early intervention (EI) (3-year EI) with 1-year step-down standard care (SC) (2-year EI) in patients who had completed 2-year specialized EI service (EASY program) in Hong-Kong. We systematically examined rates and predictors of symptomatic remission (SR), functional recovery (FR), personal recovery (PR), clinical recovery (fulfilled sustained SR and FR) and full recovery (fulfilled clinical recovery and PR) at 12-year follow-up. A comprehensive array of assessments was conducted encompassing premorbid adjustment and schizoid-schizotypal personality-traits (PSST), onset profiles, symptom dimensions, psychosocial functioning and treatment characteristics. LASSO-penalized and multivariate logistic-regression analyses were performed to construct prediction models of various remission/recovery outcomes. Correlational analyses exploring associations of PR with symptom and functional variables were conducted. A total of 106 of 160 of the initial patient cohort completed 12-year follow-up assessment. Rates of SR, FR, PR, clinical recovery and full recovery were 74.5, 24.5, 50.5, 22.6 and 16%, respectively. PSST and baseline functioning represented important predictors of FR and clinical recovery, while Extended EI was retained in prediction models for SR and full recovery. FR constituted a rate-limiting factor for clinical recovery and full recovery attainment. PR was negatively associated with negative and depressive symptoms, and positively related to psychosocial functioning. Our findings of potential effect of extended EI on long-term outcomes, however, should be treated with caution due to attrition bias, and a sizeable proportion of patients were functionally-impaired.