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<p>The conformal adaptation of epidermal electrodes to the skin is crucial for achieving stable electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring during exercise. Here, we present a bioinspired kirigami-structured epidermal electrode (BKSEE) specifically designed for dynamic human–machine interfaces. The BKSEE consists of three distinct layers: a copper electrode featuring a bioinspired kirigami structure (BKS), an adhesive film made of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and a PDMS anti-adhesion film. The BKSEE overcomes the limitations of existing static conformal designs for metal electrodes. It simultaneously offers low stiffness for adaptation of skin, the combined advantages of a high filling area and stable dynamic contact, as well as excellent deformability, favorable microscopic conformability, and reliable adhesion. By meeting the multidimensional requirements for skin-conformal fitting, it can collect ECG signals in real time and stably during daily activities, and demonstrates remarkable resistance to sweat and motion artifacts.</p>

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Highly stretchable and conformal bioinspired kirigami structural epidermal electrodes for ECG recording during daily activities

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月16日

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  • Ziying Wang,
  • Ze Chen,
  • Jiameng Li,
  • Dagong Jia,
  • Xiaoming Hou,
  • Zhangyi Li,
  • Haojun Fan

摘要

The conformal adaptation of epidermal electrodes to the skin is crucial for achieving stable electrocardiogram (ECG) signal monitoring during exercise. Here, we present a bioinspired kirigami-structured epidermal electrode (BKSEE) specifically designed for dynamic human–machine interfaces. The BKSEE consists of three distinct layers: a copper electrode featuring a bioinspired kirigami structure (BKS), an adhesive film made of polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), and a PDMS anti-adhesion film. The BKSEE overcomes the limitations of existing static conformal designs for metal electrodes. It simultaneously offers low stiffness for adaptation of skin, the combined advantages of a high filling area and stable dynamic contact, as well as excellent deformability, favorable microscopic conformability, and reliable adhesion. By meeting the multidimensional requirements for skin-conformal fitting, it can collect ECG signals in real time and stably during daily activities, and demonstrates remarkable resistance to sweat and motion artifacts.