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<p>Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing is an advanced micro/nanoscale additive manufacturing technique. Owing to its high-resolution capability, broad material compatibility, diverse printing modes, and low cost, it has attracted widespread attention. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain in transitioning EHD printing from the laboratory to large-scale industrial production. This paper elucidates the mechanisms of EHD printing and details control methods for high-resolution, controllable micro/nanopattern fabrication, including process-parameter optimization, rheological design of functional inks, and innovations in system architecture. We summarize recent applications in electronic devices, biomedicine, and optical components, and discuss development directions and prospects for industrial adoption.</p>

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Electrohydrodynamic printing technology: mechanisms, control, and applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月10日

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  • Yidong Tian,
  • Jiajun Zhou,
  • Hengjia Zhu,
  • Kaiwen Huo,
  • Xianli Xie,
  • Wei Zhang,
  • Huai Zheng

摘要

Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) printing is an advanced micro/nanoscale additive manufacturing technique. Owing to its high-resolution capability, broad material compatibility, diverse printing modes, and low cost, it has attracted widespread attention. Nevertheless, significant challenges remain in transitioning EHD printing from the laboratory to large-scale industrial production. This paper elucidates the mechanisms of EHD printing and details control methods for high-resolution, controllable micro/nanopattern fabrication, including process-parameter optimization, rheological design of functional inks, and innovations in system architecture. We summarize recent applications in electronic devices, biomedicine, and optical components, and discuss development directions and prospects for industrial adoption.