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<p>Wearable technology is breaking the confines of skin-surface monitoring, moving towards deep-tissue physiological insights. Within this evolution, wearable ultrasound is emerging as a transformative technology, offering a non-invasive and real-time window into deep physiological dynamics. This review systematically deconstructs the technological framework of a complete wearable ultrasound system. It provides an in-depth analysis of the system’s three core components: (1) conformal transducers, examining progress in materials, microfabrication, and the critical trade-off between acoustic performance and mechanical compliance; (2) miniaturized hardware systems, detailing design strategies to resolve the fundamental conflict among processing power, energy efficiency, and form factor; and (3) advanced algorithms, highlighting their role as essential compensatory systems for ensuring data integrity in dynamic environments. Finally, the clinical power of this integrated technology stack is demonstrated through a comprehensive survey of its cardiovascular applications. By systematically analyzing the core technologies and future challenges, this review offers a forward-looking perspective on the evolution of wearable ultrasound, charting its path toward becoming a cornerstone of continuous, personalized health management.</p><p></p>

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Wearable ultrasound: a review of core technologies and clinical applications in cardiovascular monitoring

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Mengxue Yan,
  • Zirui Wang,
  • Zhenfeng Li,
  • Peng Wang,
  • Pang Wu,
  • Xianxiang Chen,
  • Xiaoxia Chen,
  • Lidong Du,
  • Yong Wang,
  • Junxian Song,
  • Zhen Fang

摘要

Wearable technology is breaking the confines of skin-surface monitoring, moving towards deep-tissue physiological insights. Within this evolution, wearable ultrasound is emerging as a transformative technology, offering a non-invasive and real-time window into deep physiological dynamics. This review systematically deconstructs the technological framework of a complete wearable ultrasound system. It provides an in-depth analysis of the system’s three core components: (1) conformal transducers, examining progress in materials, microfabrication, and the critical trade-off between acoustic performance and mechanical compliance; (2) miniaturized hardware systems, detailing design strategies to resolve the fundamental conflict among processing power, energy efficiency, and form factor; and (3) advanced algorithms, highlighting their role as essential compensatory systems for ensuring data integrity in dynamic environments. Finally, the clinical power of this integrated technology stack is demonstrated through a comprehensive survey of its cardiovascular applications. By systematically analyzing the core technologies and future challenges, this review offers a forward-looking perspective on the evolution of wearable ultrasound, charting its path toward becoming a cornerstone of continuous, personalized health management.