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<p>Time-bin encoded quantum states of light are crucial for quantum technology applications. The integration of manipulation functionalities into chip-scale devices is essential for deploying scalable, high-performace, and cost-effective quantum networks. Here we develop a fully integrated, high-throughput quantum receiver based on the thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform, capable of high-speed electro-optic manipulation of time-bin encoded quantum states. The device's novel architecture enables active switching of time-bin quantum states with an electro-optic bandwidth exceeding 30 GHz, while supporting real-time arbitrary projective measurements with a bandwidth of over 1 GHz. We showcase its versatility and performance through several applications, including the certification of entanglement with Bell’s inequality violation by 38 standard deviations and with &gt;95% visibility. We then apply it to a fiber-based quantum communication scenario, where we experimentally demonstrate an entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, achieving stable finite-size secure key rates exceeding 25 kbit/s over 12 h of continuous operation. By leveraging a high-speed active switching scheme, the system overcomes the need for temporal post-selection, eliminating a fundamental loophole that compromises the security of time-bin entanglement-based QKD protocols and relaxes the temporal resolution requirements of single-photon detectors. Moreover, it enables active selection of the projection basis, increasing the flexibility for communication parties. This approach establishes a versatile and scalable architecture for time-bin encoded quantum communication, enabling practical protocols on industry-grade photonic technology.</p><p></p>

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Gigahertz-rate thin-film lithium niobate receiver for time-bin quantum communication

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月18日

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  • Andrea Bernardi,
  • Marco Clementi,
  • Marcello Bacchi,
  • Matías Rubén Bolaños,
  • Sara Congia,
  • Francesco Garrisi,
  • Andrea Martellosio,
  • Marco Passoni,
  • Alexander Wrobel,
  • Costantino Agnesi,
  • Giuseppe Vallone,
  • Paolo Villoresi,
  • Federico Andrea Sabattoli,
  • Matteo Galli,
  • Daniele Bajoni

摘要

Time-bin encoded quantum states of light are crucial for quantum technology applications. The integration of manipulation functionalities into chip-scale devices is essential for deploying scalable, high-performace, and cost-effective quantum networks. Here we develop a fully integrated, high-throughput quantum receiver based on the thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform, capable of high-speed electro-optic manipulation of time-bin encoded quantum states. The device's novel architecture enables active switching of time-bin quantum states with an electro-optic bandwidth exceeding 30 GHz, while supporting real-time arbitrary projective measurements with a bandwidth of over 1 GHz. We showcase its versatility and performance through several applications, including the certification of entanglement with Bell’s inequality violation by 38 standard deviations and with >95% visibility. We then apply it to a fiber-based quantum communication scenario, where we experimentally demonstrate an entanglement-based quantum key distribution (QKD) protocol, achieving stable finite-size secure key rates exceeding 25 kbit/s over 12 h of continuous operation. By leveraging a high-speed active switching scheme, the system overcomes the need for temporal post-selection, eliminating a fundamental loophole that compromises the security of time-bin entanglement-based QKD protocols and relaxes the temporal resolution requirements of single-photon detectors. Moreover, it enables active selection of the projection basis, increasing the flexibility for communication parties. This approach establishes a versatile and scalable architecture for time-bin encoded quantum communication, enabling practical protocols on industry-grade photonic technology.