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Objective <p>Morphine and fentanyl are commonly used drugs in extremely preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), but their impact on brain growth is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between opioid exposure and brain size in extremely preterm infants.</p> Study design <p>This is a retrospective cohort study of preterm infants born less than 28 weeks gestation who received opioids and underwent term-equivalent brain magnetic resonance imaging. Brain size was assessed using corrected biparietal width (cBPW) and corrected transcerebellar diameter (cTCD).</p> Result <p>This study included 51 preterm infants. Multivariable linear mixed model analysis adjusted for gestational age and birthweight Z-score showed increased natural log opioid duration was associated with lower mean cTCD (β: −0.99, 95% CI −1.94, −0.05).</p> Conclusion <p>Longer duration of opioid exposure in the NICU was associated with smaller cerebellar size at term equivalent age.</p>

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Associations between opioid exposure and brain size among extremely preterm infants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Seh Hyun Kim,
  • Sara Cherkerzian,
  • Yvonne Sheldon,
  • Katherine Bell,
  • Kaitlyn Roddy,
  • Sara E. Rostas,
  • Debra Marks,
  • Tina Steele,
  • Elizabeth Singh,
  • Kirsten Thiim,
  • Aisling Garvey,
  • Mohamed El-Dib,
  • Terrie Inder

摘要

Objective

Morphine and fentanyl are commonly used drugs in extremely preterm infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), but their impact on brain growth is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between opioid exposure and brain size in extremely preterm infants.

Study design

This is a retrospective cohort study of preterm infants born less than 28 weeks gestation who received opioids and underwent term-equivalent brain magnetic resonance imaging. Brain size was assessed using corrected biparietal width (cBPW) and corrected transcerebellar diameter (cTCD).

Result

This study included 51 preterm infants. Multivariable linear mixed model analysis adjusted for gestational age and birthweight Z-score showed increased natural log opioid duration was associated with lower mean cTCD (β: −0.99, 95% CI −1.94, −0.05).

Conclusion

Longer duration of opioid exposure in the NICU was associated with smaller cerebellar size at term equivalent age.