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Objective <p>To assess the current surgical site infection prevention practices in neonatal surgery, especially focusing on the factors that determine the duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) and the differences between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists.</p> Study design <p>We performed a questionnaire survey, which targeted neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, and infectious disease specialists at pediatric hospitals or university hospitals in Japan.</p> Results <p>Responses were obtained from 32 hospitals. Some practices, such as criteria for discontinuing PAP, intraoperative re-administration of PAP, and preoperative decontamination of methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, were different between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons. Regarding criteria for discontinuing PAP, pediatric surgeons tended to select “fixed duration”, while neonatologists more often relied on “C-reactive protein levels.”</p> Conclusion <p>PAP discontinuation practices in neonatal surgery reflect distinct time-based and biomarker-guided decision-making approaches between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists, indicating the need for clearer evidence and consensus. More standardized, evidence-based approaches are required.</p>

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Differences in practices for surgical site infection prevention in neonatal surgery between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons: a multicenter survey in Japan

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月30日

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  • Tomohiro Sunouchi,
  • Jun Fujishiro,
  • Toru Higuchi,
  • Hiroki Sakurai,
  • Akihiko Shimizu,
  • Sho Ishii,
  • Taizo Kusano,
  • Yuho Horikoshi,
  • Yoshiaki Shikama,
  • Takemi Murai,
  • Takayo Shoji,
  • Kenta Ito,
  • Masatoshi Nozaki,
  • Shinsuke Mizuno,
  • Takafumi Okada,
  • Takayuki Hoshina,
  • Yoshiaki Cho,
  • Yoshie Sakurai,
  • Hisao Okabe,
  • Daisuke Tamura,
  • Yuki Muta,
  • Chizuka Seki,
  • Ryu Yoneda,
  • Naho Fujiwara,
  • Masayoshi Shinjoh,
  • Tomohiro Katsuta,
  • Koo Nagasawa,
  • Toshihiko Okumura,
  • Hiroki Miura,
  • Yoshiki Kusama,
  • Kazumichi Fujioka,
  • Yoshitomo Motomura,
  • Yoshihiro Takahashi,
  • Chikara Ogimi

摘要

Objective

To assess the current surgical site infection prevention practices in neonatal surgery, especially focusing on the factors that determine the duration of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis (PAP) and the differences between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists.

Study design

We performed a questionnaire survey, which targeted neonatologists, pediatric surgeons, and infectious disease specialists at pediatric hospitals or university hospitals in Japan.

Results

Responses were obtained from 32 hospitals. Some practices, such as criteria for discontinuing PAP, intraoperative re-administration of PAP, and preoperative decontamination of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, were different between neonatologists and pediatric surgeons. Regarding criteria for discontinuing PAP, pediatric surgeons tended to select “fixed duration”, while neonatologists more often relied on “C-reactive protein levels.”

Conclusion

PAP discontinuation practices in neonatal surgery reflect distinct time-based and biomarker-guided decision-making approaches between pediatric surgeons and neonatologists, indicating the need for clearer evidence and consensus. More standardized, evidence-based approaches are required.