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Objective <p>Evaluate surfactant therapy and clinical outcomes including length of hospital stay (LOS), CPAP, and mechanical ventilation in late preterm to early term infants.</p> Study design <p>A single-center retrospective study of 401 eligible infants 33–38 + 6 weeks. Surfactant administration included INSURE (INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation), LISA (Less Invasive Surfactant Administration), and endotracheal with prolonged invasive ventilation.</p> Results <p>114 (28%) received surfactant. Surfactant-treated infants had longer LOS (16 ± 11 vs 12 ± 9 days, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) compared to non-treated. Infants who received INSURE/LISA (<i>n</i> = 43) had shorter LOS (14 ± 9 vs 18 ± 12 days, <i>p</i> = 0.04) than endotracheal surfactant with prolonged mechanical ventilation (<i>n</i> = 71). Infants who received INSURE/LISA had similar LOS to non-surfactant-treated infants (14 ± 9 vs 13 ± 9 days, <i>p</i> = 0.47).</p> Conclusion <p>Surfactant administration was associated with longer hospitalization compared to non-treated infants. INSURE/LISA shortened LOS compared to surfactant with prolonged ventilation. In late preterm and early term infants that require surfactant for RDS, less invasive methods reduce LOS.</p>

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Short-term outcomes associated with surfactant use in respiratory distress in late preterm to early term infants

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月1日

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  • Catherine Peterson,
  • Kasim Hassen,
  • Susan Avila Misciagno,
  • Melissa Holland,
  • Michael R. Jiroutek,
  • Anup Katheria

摘要

Objective

Evaluate surfactant therapy and clinical outcomes including length of hospital stay (LOS), CPAP, and mechanical ventilation in late preterm to early term infants.

Study design

A single-center retrospective study of 401 eligible infants 33–38 + 6 weeks. Surfactant administration included INSURE (INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation), LISA (Less Invasive Surfactant Administration), and endotracheal with prolonged invasive ventilation.

Results

114 (28%) received surfactant. Surfactant-treated infants had longer LOS (16 ± 11 vs 12 ± 9 days, p < 0.001) compared to non-treated. Infants who received INSURE/LISA (n = 43) had shorter LOS (14 ± 9 vs 18 ± 12 days, p = 0.04) than endotracheal surfactant with prolonged mechanical ventilation (n = 71). Infants who received INSURE/LISA had similar LOS to non-surfactant-treated infants (14 ± 9 vs 13 ± 9 days, p = 0.47).

Conclusion

Surfactant administration was associated with longer hospitalization compared to non-treated infants. INSURE/LISA shortened LOS compared to surfactant with prolonged ventilation. In late preterm and early term infants that require surfactant for RDS, less invasive methods reduce LOS.