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Objective <p>To compare the effect of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) initiation at three different time points on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates at 6 weeks among healthy term infants delivered via cesarean section.</p> Study design <p>In this open-label randomized controlled trial, neonates were assigned to three groups: Group 1 (immediate SSC in the delivery room), Group 2 (SSC after transfer to the recovery room), and Group 3 (breastfeeding initiation followed by SSC in the recovery room). The primary outcome was the percentage of mothers exclusively breastfeeding&#xa0;(EBF) at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included duration of SSC, early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) rates, exclusive breastfeeding rates at 6 months, and challenges during implementation of SSC.</p> Results <p>Baseline characteristics were similar across 750 enrolled infants (250 per group). In Group 1, 46 babies (18.4%) faced challenges in SSC initiation and were reallocated. No significant difference in 6-week EBF rates (RR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77–1.25, <i>p</i> = 0.90). Group 3 was associated with the highest EIBF rates (RR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8, <i>p</i> = 0.013) and the longest duration of SSC.</p> Conclusion <p>Given the challenges of immediate intraoperative SSC after a C-section, our study found that initiating SSC in the recovery room is a practical and effective alternative, having a similar impact on breastfeeding rates. While the timing of SSC does not significantly impact EBF rates at 6 weeks or 6 months, it remains a critical factor for EIBF. Our findings show that immediate SSC significantly optimizes EIBF. Furthermore, the high EBF rates sustained across all cohorts suggest that robust institutional support is a primary driver of long-term breastfeeding success.</p>

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Timing of skin-to-skin contact after cesarean section on exclusive breastfeeding: an open-label, randomized controlled trial

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月26日

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  • Rishika Das,
  • Arti Maria,
  • Bharti Yadav,
  • Md Naseem

摘要

Objective

To compare the effect of skin-to-skin contact (SSC) initiation at three different time points on exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates at 6 weeks among healthy term infants delivered via cesarean section.

Study design

In this open-label randomized controlled trial, neonates were assigned to three groups: Group 1 (immediate SSC in the delivery room), Group 2 (SSC after transfer to the recovery room), and Group 3 (breastfeeding initiation followed by SSC in the recovery room). The primary outcome was the percentage of mothers exclusively breastfeeding (EBF) at 6 weeks. Secondary outcomes included duration of SSC, early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) rates, exclusive breastfeeding rates at 6 months, and challenges during implementation of SSC.

Results

Baseline characteristics were similar across 750 enrolled infants (250 per group). In Group 1, 46 babies (18.4%) faced challenges in SSC initiation and were reallocated. No significant difference in 6-week EBF rates (RR 0.98, 95% CI: 0.77–1.25, p = 0.90). Group 3 was associated with the highest EIBF rates (RR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3–0.8, p = 0.013) and the longest duration of SSC.

Conclusion

Given the challenges of immediate intraoperative SSC after a C-section, our study found that initiating SSC in the recovery room is a practical and effective alternative, having a similar impact on breastfeeding rates. While the timing of SSC does not significantly impact EBF rates at 6 weeks or 6 months, it remains a critical factor for EIBF. Our findings show that immediate SSC significantly optimizes EIBF. Furthermore, the high EBF rates sustained across all cohorts suggest that robust institutional support is a primary driver of long-term breastfeeding success.