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Objective <p>To assess whether early hypernatremia (HN) and/or hyperglycemia (HG) in the first postnatal week are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm (EP; &lt;28 weeks) infants.</p> Study design <p>This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. HN is defined as serum sodium &gt; 145 mmol/L and HG as blood glucose &gt; 10 mmol/L within days 0–7. Infants were classified into HN, HG, or combined HN + HG groups; EP infants without HN/HG served as controls. This study included 748 EP infants: 374 with HN and/or HG and 374 controls. The primary outcome was an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years’ corrected age.</p> Results <p>On adjusted analyses, HN, HG and HN + HG were not associated with moderate-to-severe developmental impairment. Moderate-to-severe HN group showed a lower odds of moderate-to-severe developmental impairment than controls (18.3% vs 21.5%; adjusted OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.15–0.99; <i>p</i> = 0.047).</p> Conclusions <p>Early hypernatremia and/or hyperglycemia were not associated with adverse neurodevelopment at 2 years’ corrected age.</p>

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Outcomes of extremely preterm infants with neonatal hyperglycemia and hypernatremia: a retrospective cohort study

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Anurag Fursule,
  • Gayatri Athalye-Jape,
  • Diksha Deepak,
  • Saravanan Muthusamy,
  • Sanjay Patole,
  • Harshad Panchal,
  • Shripada Rao,
  • Chandra Rath

摘要

Objective

To assess whether early hypernatremia (HN) and/or hyperglycemia (HG) in the first postnatal week are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes in extremely preterm (EP; <28 weeks) infants.

Study design

This was a single-center retrospective cohort study. HN is defined as serum sodium > 145 mmol/L and HG as blood glucose > 10 mmol/L within days 0–7. Infants were classified into HN, HG, or combined HN + HG groups; EP infants without HN/HG served as controls. This study included 748 EP infants: 374 with HN and/or HG and 374 controls. The primary outcome was an adverse neurodevelopmental outcome at 2 years’ corrected age.

Results

On adjusted analyses, HN, HG and HN + HG were not associated with moderate-to-severe developmental impairment. Moderate-to-severe HN group showed a lower odds of moderate-to-severe developmental impairment than controls (18.3% vs 21.5%; adjusted OR 0.39, 95% CI 0.15–0.99; p = 0.047).

Conclusions

Early hypernatremia and/or hyperglycemia were not associated with adverse neurodevelopment at 2 years’ corrected age.