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<p>Nano-Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> is a promising material for mural restoration due to compatibility with plaster layers. However, the practical application of conventional nano-Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> is limited by poor permeability, inadequate consolidation strength, and insufficient antimicrobial activity. Herein, we propose a three-phase functional composite strategy that integrates antimicrobial and mechanical-consolidation components onto nano-Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> matrix to enhance its performance. High-permeability nano-Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> was synthesized via facet-selective inhibition and composited with Bi<sub>4</sub>Ti<sub>3</sub>O<sub>12</sub> to form an antibacterial heterojunction, which presents 99% antibacterial rate against mural bacteria via efficient charge separation. Additionally, the consolidation performance was improved after incorporating AC33. When mass ratio of AC33 to heterojunction was 20:1, the flexural strength of the consolidated simulated mural became 2.4 times that of samples treated with Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub>, owing to enhanced interfacial adhesion provided by AC33. Meanwhile, the antibacterial rate remained above 96% with negligible color change. This work presents an approach for functionalizing nano-Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> to satisfy demand of mural restoration.</p>

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Functionalization and application expansion of nano-Ca(OH)2 realized via three-phase AC33-Ca(OH)2/Bi4Ti3O12 functional composite materials

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月25日

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  • Yi Qin,
  • Lun-Kai Shi,
  • Yu-Tong Kou,
  • Ping-Chuan Gao,
  • Yi Liu,
  • Yuan Fang,
  • Zhuo Wang,
  • Wen-Zong Yang,
  • Jian-Feng Zhu,
  • Ting Zhao

摘要

Nano-Ca(OH)2 is a promising material for mural restoration due to compatibility with plaster layers. However, the practical application of conventional nano-Ca(OH)2 is limited by poor permeability, inadequate consolidation strength, and insufficient antimicrobial activity. Herein, we propose a three-phase functional composite strategy that integrates antimicrobial and mechanical-consolidation components onto nano-Ca(OH)2 matrix to enhance its performance. High-permeability nano-Ca(OH)2 was synthesized via facet-selective inhibition and composited with Bi4Ti3O12 to form an antibacterial heterojunction, which presents 99% antibacterial rate against mural bacteria via efficient charge separation. Additionally, the consolidation performance was improved after incorporating AC33. When mass ratio of AC33 to heterojunction was 20:1, the flexural strength of the consolidated simulated mural became 2.4 times that of samples treated with Ca(OH)2, owing to enhanced interfacial adhesion provided by AC33. Meanwhile, the antibacterial rate remained above 96% with negligible color change. This work presents an approach for functionalizing nano-Ca(OH)2 to satisfy demand of mural restoration.