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<p>Biodeterioration driven by phototrophic microorganisms represents a persistent challenge in cultural heritage conservation. In this study, metabolites from <i>Dittrichia viscosa</i> (L.) Greuter was extracted, purified, and evaluated for their biocidal potential using <i>Raphidocelis subcapitata</i> as a standardized model microalga commonly employed in ecotoxicological screening. Four sesquiterpenoids—tomentosin, 11α,13-dihydrotomentosin, inuviscolide, and α-costic acid—were isolated and structurally characterized by NMR and GC–MS. Among them, tomentosin and inuviscolide exhibited significant growth-inhibitory effects, with tomentosin showing a clear dose-dependent response (IC₅₀ ≈ 5–6 mg L⁻¹). Although the test organism is not a typical stone colonizer, these results provide a preliminary assessment of the phytotoxic activity of <i>D. viscosa</i> metabolites and support their further evaluation against biodeteriogenic microorganisms and heritage-relevant substrates.</p>

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Screening of Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter metabolites as potential natural biocides for cultural heritage applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月26日

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  • Marco Morelli,
  • Alessandro De Rosa,
  • Gaia Marzia Silvestre,
  • Paola Cennamo,
  • Antonino Pollio,
  • Alessio Cimmino,
  • Marco Masi,
  • Andrea Carpentieri

摘要

Biodeterioration driven by phototrophic microorganisms represents a persistent challenge in cultural heritage conservation. In this study, metabolites from Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter was extracted, purified, and evaluated for their biocidal potential using Raphidocelis subcapitata as a standardized model microalga commonly employed in ecotoxicological screening. Four sesquiterpenoids—tomentosin, 11α,13-dihydrotomentosin, inuviscolide, and α-costic acid—were isolated and structurally characterized by NMR and GC–MS. Among them, tomentosin and inuviscolide exhibited significant growth-inhibitory effects, with tomentosin showing a clear dose-dependent response (IC₅₀ ≈ 5–6 mg L⁻¹). Although the test organism is not a typical stone colonizer, these results provide a preliminary assessment of the phytotoxic activity of D. viscosa metabolites and support their further evaluation against biodeteriogenic microorganisms and heritage-relevant substrates.