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<p>Some of the archaeological bronze mirrors retain a smooth silver-gray luster but lack reflective functionality. A high-tin bronze mirror of Western Han Dynasty (202 BC-8 AD) which only showed basic polishing marks without any coating. The silver-gray luster area was the oxidized tin-rich α + δ eutectoid remaining after the loss of copper in α phase. Microscopic roughness causes light scattering, which is hard to normally reflect clear images. The polishing and copper loss could expose more tin area and form a dense oxide layer that enhances corrosion resistance by blocking active sites and isolating the bronze matrix. Even after thousands of years, mirror surface showed better charge-transfer resistance (<i>R</i><sub>ct</sub>) and polarization resistance (<i>R</i><sub>p</sub>) than unpolished decorated surface, with max differences approximately 3 times and 5 times, respectively. Patina growth forms corrosion paths, destroying the resistance of the tin-rich surface, especially under green malachite.</p>

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Microstructures and electrochemical corrosion behaviors of bronze mirror

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月18日

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  • Minghao Jia,
  • Hao Xu,
  • Pei Hu,
  • Gang Hu

摘要

Some of the archaeological bronze mirrors retain a smooth silver-gray luster but lack reflective functionality. A high-tin bronze mirror of Western Han Dynasty (202 BC-8 AD) which only showed basic polishing marks without any coating. The silver-gray luster area was the oxidized tin-rich α + δ eutectoid remaining after the loss of copper in α phase. Microscopic roughness causes light scattering, which is hard to normally reflect clear images. The polishing and copper loss could expose more tin area and form a dense oxide layer that enhances corrosion resistance by blocking active sites and isolating the bronze matrix. Even after thousands of years, mirror surface showed better charge-transfer resistance (Rct) and polarization resistance (Rp) than unpolished decorated surface, with max differences approximately 3 times and 5 times, respectively. Patina growth forms corrosion paths, destroying the resistance of the tin-rich surface, especially under green malachite.