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<p>Traditional polders, which integrate agriculture, water management, and settlement functions, represent valuable cultural heritage. However, their sustainable development faces growing challenges due to global ecological pressures. This study evaluates the sustainability of traditional polder heritage in Nanxun District using an improved ecological footprint (EF) model, incorporating carbon footprint analysis. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model is used to analyze the drivers of EF changes from 2005 to 2022. Results show a long-standing ecological deficit (ED) from 2005 to 2021, with slight improvement in 2022, but sustainability remains unachieved. Both per capita EF (<i>ef</i>) and per capita ecological carrying capacity (<i>ec</i>) show a downward trend, with partial recovery in <i>ec</i> after 2019. Population size (PS), agricultural mechanization (AM), and fertilizer usage (FU) drive EF increases, while urbanization rate (UR), gross domestic product (GDP), irrigation machinery power (IMP), and fishery machinery power (FMP) mitigate the effects. The integrated model provides insights for the sustainable conservation of polder heritage.</p>

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Ecological and carbon footprint based sustainability of traditional polder heritage in Nanxun Huzhou China

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月8日

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  • Lifeng Tan,
  • Mengqi Mu,
  • Han Zhang,
  • Cheng Wang,
  • Yuanyuan Li

摘要

Traditional polders, which integrate agriculture, water management, and settlement functions, represent valuable cultural heritage. However, their sustainable development faces growing challenges due to global ecological pressures. This study evaluates the sustainability of traditional polder heritage in Nanxun District using an improved ecological footprint (EF) model, incorporating carbon footprint analysis. The Stochastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model is used to analyze the drivers of EF changes from 2005 to 2022. Results show a long-standing ecological deficit (ED) from 2005 to 2021, with slight improvement in 2022, but sustainability remains unachieved. Both per capita EF (ef) and per capita ecological carrying capacity (ec) show a downward trend, with partial recovery in ec after 2019. Population size (PS), agricultural mechanization (AM), and fertilizer usage (FU) drive EF increases, while urbanization rate (UR), gross domestic product (GDP), irrigation machinery power (IMP), and fishery machinery power (FMP) mitigate the effects. The integrated model provides insights for the sustainable conservation of polder heritage.