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<p>Basal scouring is a prevalent and significant form of deterioration in historical rammed earth sites. Capillary rise is the primary mechanism driving basal scouring in rammed earth structures, making accurate prediction of capillary water rise crucial for determining scouring height. This study investigates the water-holding capacity and pore structural characteristics of unstabilized and lime-stabilized rammed earth under capillary action through soil column tests. Formulas for calculating the maximum height of capillary water rise were developed based on equilibrium theory and the concept of maximum water storage. These formulas were validated using the basal scouring height of rammed earth city walls in the Ancient City of Pingyao, a World Cultural Heritage site, confirming that the derived maximum capillary water rise height could reflect actual scouring heights. The findings provide valuable guidance for preventing basal scouring and promoting the sustainable development of historical rammed earth sites.</p>

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Basal scouring in historical rammed earth sites: formation and height prediction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月11日

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  • Xiangling Bai,
  • Bin He,
  • Yongxiang Feng,
  • Yingxin Wang,
  • Hao Li,
  • Xiaohong Bai,
  • Fuli Ma,
  • Pengju Han,
  • Yi Lu,
  • Yimin Ren

摘要

Basal scouring is a prevalent and significant form of deterioration in historical rammed earth sites. Capillary rise is the primary mechanism driving basal scouring in rammed earth structures, making accurate prediction of capillary water rise crucial for determining scouring height. This study investigates the water-holding capacity and pore structural characteristics of unstabilized and lime-stabilized rammed earth under capillary action through soil column tests. Formulas for calculating the maximum height of capillary water rise were developed based on equilibrium theory and the concept of maximum water storage. These formulas were validated using the basal scouring height of rammed earth city walls in the Ancient City of Pingyao, a World Cultural Heritage site, confirming that the derived maximum capillary water rise height could reflect actual scouring heights. The findings provide valuable guidance for preventing basal scouring and promoting the sustainable development of historical rammed earth sites.