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<p>Accurate estimation of the maintenance requirements and hydraulic performance of lined canals is vital to ensure the effective operation and management of canal networks. In this study, we investigated the state of El Salhiya concrete-lined canal, located in the East Delta of Egypt. The canal has a total length of 57&#xa0;km, is supplied from the left bank of the Ismailia Canal, and serves an irrigated area of approximately 57,789 feddans. The assessment was based on operational and maintenance indicators, namely active canal capacity (ACC) and Manning’s roughness coefficient (<i>n</i>). The states of the canal vegetation, depositions, and concrete failure types and causes were also identified, and a new indicator, actual canal utilization (ACU), is proposed. It evaluates the extent to which the canal utilizes its current safe hydraulic capacity. The results showed that the values of <i>n</i> ranged between 0.014 and 0.069, with mean ± standard deviation (SD) value of 0.033 ± 0.02, and the ACC values ranged between 24 and 105%, with an average of 56 ± 23.5%, which indicates insufficient maintenance. The average value of the proposed indicator ACU was 68 ± 26.5%. Of the observed concrete failures, 31% were severe, 18% were moderate, and 51% were small. Approximately 65% of the canal length was found to suffer from a vegetation infestation of less than 15% or to be free of vegetation, and 15%–30% vegetation infestation was observed along 35% of the canal length. Roughly 48% of the canal length exhibited a sediment deposition ratio of less than 10%, with the remaining length exhibiting 10%–25% deposition. Based on these findings, we recommend that maintenance and appropriate repairs be performed on the concrete linings and joints of the canal, and routine monitoring be performed to ensure safe and effective water delivery.</p>

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Operational assessment of concrete-lined canal based on active canal capacity and roughness values: a case study of El Salhiya Canal, Egypt

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月21日

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  • Mahmoud Zayed

摘要

Accurate estimation of the maintenance requirements and hydraulic performance of lined canals is vital to ensure the effective operation and management of canal networks. In this study, we investigated the state of El Salhiya concrete-lined canal, located in the East Delta of Egypt. The canal has a total length of 57 km, is supplied from the left bank of the Ismailia Canal, and serves an irrigated area of approximately 57,789 feddans. The assessment was based on operational and maintenance indicators, namely active canal capacity (ACC) and Manning’s roughness coefficient (n). The states of the canal vegetation, depositions, and concrete failure types and causes were also identified, and a new indicator, actual canal utilization (ACU), is proposed. It evaluates the extent to which the canal utilizes its current safe hydraulic capacity. The results showed that the values of n ranged between 0.014 and 0.069, with mean ± standard deviation (SD) value of 0.033 ± 0.02, and the ACC values ranged between 24 and 105%, with an average of 56 ± 23.5%, which indicates insufficient maintenance. The average value of the proposed indicator ACU was 68 ± 26.5%. Of the observed concrete failures, 31% were severe, 18% were moderate, and 51% were small. Approximately 65% of the canal length was found to suffer from a vegetation infestation of less than 15% or to be free of vegetation, and 15%–30% vegetation infestation was observed along 35% of the canal length. Roughly 48% of the canal length exhibited a sediment deposition ratio of less than 10%, with the remaining length exhibiting 10%–25% deposition. Based on these findings, we recommend that maintenance and appropriate repairs be performed on the concrete linings and joints of the canal, and routine monitoring be performed to ensure safe and effective water delivery.