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<p><i>Smilax </i><i>nageliana</i> is a critically endangered endemic climbing plant restricted to East Java, Indonesia, yet its ecological interactions with host trees remain poorly understood. We surveyed 148 purposively established plots (2.9104&#xa0;ha) across the two known natural populations — Ranu Darungan (Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park) and Mt. Kawi — to assess host diversity and preference. Seventeen host species from seven families were recorded, with Myrtaceae (17.65%) and Lauraceae (11.76%) as the most species-rich. Logistic regression and correlation analyses consistently identified host tree height as the most influential host attribute governing <i>S. nageliana</i> growth (r = 0.387; β = 0.051; OR = 1.053; 95% CI: 1.002–1.124; P = 0.074), accounting for 7.4% of growth variation (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.074; P = 0.001), while host diameter and basal area showed no significant effects. Field observations indicated that <i>S. nageliana</i> predominantly selected rough-barked hosts (68.4%) and occupied the upper stem zone (69.2%). Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and PERMANOVA based on Bray–Curtis dissimilarity revealed significant differences in vegetation community composition between the two localities at both the sapling-tree (F = 7.337; p &lt; 0.001) and shrubs-seedlings (F = 6.383; p &lt; 0.001) strata. Indicator species analysis identified eight sapling-tree and 18 shrubs-seedlings species as significant site discriminators. These findings suggest that vertical forest structure constitutes a key structural attribute influencing host suitability for this species. Conservation strategies should prioritise native forest restoration and protection of key host trees to secure the long-term survival of this critically endangered endemic climber.</p>

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Host preference in the endemic and threatened climber Smilax nageliana

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月28日

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  • Dipta Sumeru Rinandio,
  • Siti Sofiah,
  • Iyan Robiansyah,
  • Lulut Dwi Sulistyaningsih,
  • Destario Metusala,
  • Trimanto,
  • Nina Dwi Yulia,
  • Dwi Setyorini

摘要

Smilax nageliana is a critically endangered endemic climbing plant restricted to East Java, Indonesia, yet its ecological interactions with host trees remain poorly understood. We surveyed 148 purposively established plots (2.9104 ha) across the two known natural populations — Ranu Darungan (Bromo Tengger Semeru National Park) and Mt. Kawi — to assess host diversity and preference. Seventeen host species from seven families were recorded, with Myrtaceae (17.65%) and Lauraceae (11.76%) as the most species-rich. Logistic regression and correlation analyses consistently identified host tree height as the most influential host attribute governing S. nageliana growth (r = 0.387; β = 0.051; OR = 1.053; 95% CI: 1.002–1.124; P = 0.074), accounting for 7.4% of growth variation (R2 = 0.074; P = 0.001), while host diameter and basal area showed no significant effects. Field observations indicated that S. nageliana predominantly selected rough-barked hosts (68.4%) and occupied the upper stem zone (69.2%). Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and PERMANOVA based on Bray–Curtis dissimilarity revealed significant differences in vegetation community composition between the two localities at both the sapling-tree (F = 7.337; p < 0.001) and shrubs-seedlings (F = 6.383; p < 0.001) strata. Indicator species analysis identified eight sapling-tree and 18 shrubs-seedlings species as significant site discriminators. These findings suggest that vertical forest structure constitutes a key structural attribute influencing host suitability for this species. Conservation strategies should prioritise native forest restoration and protection of key host trees to secure the long-term survival of this critically endangered endemic climber.