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<p>Malnutrition remains a critical global health challenge, encompassing both undernutrition—manifested as stunting, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies such as iron deficiency anemia and vitamin A deficiency—and overnutrition, linked to obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Despite adequate caloric intake, “hidden hunger” persists, affecting millions worldwide, particularly in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Conventional interventions, including supplementation and biofortification of staple crops, have achieved partial success but are often constrained by limited crop diversity and supply chain challenges. <i>Moringa oleifera</i>, a nutrient-rich plant with naturally high levels of essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, presents a sustainable alternative to address micronutrient deficiencies. This review compiles current advances in its genetic improvement, covering domestication, genetic diversity, molecular marker development, functional genomics, and biotechnological approaches. Emerging tools such as genome-wide association studies and CRISPR-Cas genome editing have significantly enhanced the understanding of its genetic architecture and potential for crop improvement. Overall, this review highlights the progress achieved in enhancing <i>Moringa oleifera</i> as a climate-resilient, nutrient-dense crop and identifies key research gaps for improving its productivity and stress tolerance, thereby supporting its role in combating global malnutrition.</p>

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Bridging nutrition and biotechnology: functional genomics and molecular approaches in Moringa oleifera

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Ramanjot Kaur,
  • Aarzoo Pruthi,
  • Kanwaljot Singh,
  • Umesh Preethi Praba

摘要

Malnutrition remains a critical global health challenge, encompassing both undernutrition—manifested as stunting, wasting, and micronutrient deficiencies such as iron deficiency anemia and vitamin A deficiency—and overnutrition, linked to obesity and diet-related noncommunicable diseases. Despite adequate caloric intake, “hidden hunger” persists, affecting millions worldwide, particularly in South Asia and Sub-Saharan Africa. Conventional interventions, including supplementation and biofortification of staple crops, have achieved partial success but are often constrained by limited crop diversity and supply chain challenges. Moringa oleifera, a nutrient-rich plant with naturally high levels of essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, presents a sustainable alternative to address micronutrient deficiencies. This review compiles current advances in its genetic improvement, covering domestication, genetic diversity, molecular marker development, functional genomics, and biotechnological approaches. Emerging tools such as genome-wide association studies and CRISPR-Cas genome editing have significantly enhanced the understanding of its genetic architecture and potential for crop improvement. Overall, this review highlights the progress achieved in enhancing Moringa oleifera as a climate-resilient, nutrient-dense crop and identifies key research gaps for improving its productivity and stress tolerance, thereby supporting its role in combating global malnutrition.