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<p>Mangrove endophytic fungi represent&#xa0;a valuable source of bioactive compounds, largely attributed to their adaptation to extreme, saline, and oxygen-stressed environments. This study provides an initial antioxidant profiling of mangrove endophytic fungi from Tanzania. DPPH radical-scavenging assays demonstrated strong concentration-dependent antioxidant responses, and at 10&#xa0;mg/mL more than 60% of isolates exhibited activities between 50 and 99% inhibition. Sample 8HMD23 demonstrated the highest activity (99.08%) whereas its total phenolic (TPC = 228.72&#xa0;mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (TFC = 50.43&#xa0;mg QE/g) did not fully account for this high bioactivity. Sample 49HMD23 displayed comparatively lower activity (63.73%) despite having relatively high TFC (55.67&#xa0;mg QE/g), further indicating a disconnect between bulk phytochemical load and antioxidant performance. GC–MS suggested the presence of bioactive compounds such as catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid), and 2-phenylethanol metabolites with well-documented radical-scavenging and redox-modulating mechanisms that may contribute to the observed antioxidant activity. These findings indicate that antioxidant responses are influenced by specific metabolite composition rather than total phenolic abundance alone. Consequently, Tanzanian mangrove endophytic fungi may represent a promising reservoir for natural antioxidant discovery, highlighting the biotechnological value of conserving these unique ecosystems.</p>

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Antioxidant potential of mangrove endophytic fungi: mycochemical and metabolite profiling

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • Hawa Myovela,
  • Juma Hussein

摘要

Mangrove endophytic fungi represent a valuable source of bioactive compounds, largely attributed to their adaptation to extreme, saline, and oxygen-stressed environments. This study provides an initial antioxidant profiling of mangrove endophytic fungi from Tanzania. DPPH radical-scavenging assays demonstrated strong concentration-dependent antioxidant responses, and at 10 mg/mL more than 60% of isolates exhibited activities between 50 and 99% inhibition. Sample 8HMD23 demonstrated the highest activity (99.08%) whereas its total phenolic (TPC = 228.72 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (TFC = 50.43 mg QE/g) did not fully account for this high bioactivity. Sample 49HMD23 displayed comparatively lower activity (63.73%) despite having relatively high TFC (55.67 mg QE/g), further indicating a disconnect between bulk phytochemical load and antioxidant performance. GC–MS suggested the presence of bioactive compounds such as catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene), vanillic acid (4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid), and 2-phenylethanol metabolites with well-documented radical-scavenging and redox-modulating mechanisms that may contribute to the observed antioxidant activity. These findings indicate that antioxidant responses are influenced by specific metabolite composition rather than total phenolic abundance alone. Consequently, Tanzanian mangrove endophytic fungi may represent a promising reservoir for natural antioxidant discovery, highlighting the biotechnological value of conserving these unique ecosystems.