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<p>Western Himalaya, known for its steep gradients and climatic variability, was selected to examine <i>Juniperus communis</i> adaptations across four elevations (2900–3550&#xa0;m) and seasonal cycles. Physiological and biochemical traits were studied across elevations and seasons in Tungnath, Western Himalaya, revealing adaptive responses. Malondialdehyde was highest (34.06&#xa0;nmol/g) during December at 3,550&#xa0;m, while total phenolic content (53.99&#xa0;mg/g FW) and total flavonoid content (41.74&#xa0;mg/g FW) peaked in October across all sites. Chlorophyll a declined from 2.30&#xa0;mg/g FW (June, 2,900&#xa0;m) to 0.59&#xa0;mg/g FW (April, 3,550&#xa0;m), while carotenoids increased from 0.06&#xa0;mg/g FW (April, 2,900&#xa0;m) to 0.35&#xa0;mg/g FW (June, 3,550&#xa0;m). Enzyme activities also rose with altitude: Superoxide dismutase (13.67 –31.33 U/g FW), Peroxidase (6.88 –17.67 U/g FW), Catalase (17.12 –33.90 U/g FW), Polyphenol oxidase (13.09 –26.55 U/g FW), and proline (20.45 –55.44&#xa0;µmol/g FW). Findings indicate a significant (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) effect of altitude and season on <i>J. communis</i>, reflecting its adaptability to alpine stress.</p>

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Seasonal rhythm and altitudinal variation of the physio-biochemical adaptation in Juniperus communis under the alpine and subalpine zones of Western Himalaya

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Pallavi Nautiyal,
  • Abhishek Jamloki,
  • Vijay Laxmi Trivedi,
  • Dharam Chand Attri,
  • M. C. Nautiyal

摘要

Western Himalaya, known for its steep gradients and climatic variability, was selected to examine Juniperus communis adaptations across four elevations (2900–3550 m) and seasonal cycles. Physiological and biochemical traits were studied across elevations and seasons in Tungnath, Western Himalaya, revealing adaptive responses. Malondialdehyde was highest (34.06 nmol/g) during December at 3,550 m, while total phenolic content (53.99 mg/g FW) and total flavonoid content (41.74 mg/g FW) peaked in October across all sites. Chlorophyll a declined from 2.30 mg/g FW (June, 2,900 m) to 0.59 mg/g FW (April, 3,550 m), while carotenoids increased from 0.06 mg/g FW (April, 2,900 m) to 0.35 mg/g FW (June, 3,550 m). Enzyme activities also rose with altitude: Superoxide dismutase (13.67 –31.33 U/g FW), Peroxidase (6.88 –17.67 U/g FW), Catalase (17.12 –33.90 U/g FW), Polyphenol oxidase (13.09 –26.55 U/g FW), and proline (20.45 –55.44 µmol/g FW). Findings indicate a significant (p < 0.001) effect of altitude and season on J. communis, reflecting its adaptability to alpine stress.