Quantification of phenolic components by LC–ESI–MS/MS and evaluation of the antifungal and bioherbicidal activities of Salvia aethiopis from its methanol extracts
摘要
This study aimed to comprehensively analyze the phenolic compositions and assess the in vitro antifungal and bioherbicidal activities of the methanol extract obtained from Salvia aethiopis (Lamiaceae), a plant native to Turkey. Quantitative profiling of phenolic compounds was performed using LC–ESI–MS/MS spectrometry, targeting seventeen reference standards. The most abundant phenolic compounds detected were ferulic Acid (806.642 mg mL−1 ± 18.549), rosmarinic acid (733.630 mg mL−1 ± 31.253), and caffeineic acid (53.557 mg mL−1 ± 4.981). The antifungal activity of the plant extract was significant, inhibiting the mycelial development of Phytophthora infestans, Cylindrocarpon destructans, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cucumerinum by 49.25%, 38.15%, and 34.91%, respectively, compared with the control at a concentration of 4 mg mL−1. Additionally, the extract exerted varied effects on the germination, root, and shoot development of weed seeds like Taraxacum officinale and Rumex crispus. These findings suggest that phenolic compounds play critical roles in the antifungal and bioherbicidal activities of S. aethiopis extract.