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<p>This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibition, and antimicrobial potential of five selected aquatic plants—<i>Ludwigia adscendens</i><i>, </i><i>Phragmites karka</i><i>, </i><i>Lemna minor, Ipomoea aquatica,</i> and <i>Eichhornia crassipes</i>—collected from Bakhira Wetland. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses of ethanolic and chloroform extracts confirmed the occurrence of bioactive compounds, with <i>I. aquatica</i> displaying the highest phenolic (72.92 ± 0.21&#xa0;μg/mg), flavonoid (21.65 ± 0.09&#xa0;μg/mg), and alkaloid (74.40 ± 0.30&#xa0;μg/mg) contents. Antioxidant potential was estimated through DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, showed <i>I. aquatica</i> as the most potent antioxidant source. α-Amylase inhibition assays revealed <i>I. aquatica</i> as the most effective inhibitor (IC50: 69.56&#xa0;μg/mL), indicating potential antidiabetic properties. The chloroform extract of <i>I. aquatica</i> (200&#xa0;µg/mL) demonstrated the strongest antibacterial effect, producing inhibition zones of 11.0 ± 0.32&#xa0;mm against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, 10.0 ± 0.26&#xa0;mm against <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>, and 9.2 ± 0.13&#xa0;mm against <i>Escherichia coli.</i> These findings suggest that <i>I. aquatica</i> possesses significant pharmacological potential, highlighting its application in the development of natural antioxidants, antidiabetic agents, and antimicrobial compounds. Further research on bioactive compound isolation and mechanistic pathways is necessary to explore its therapeutic potential.</p>

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Phytochemical profiling and bioactivity assessment of aquatic plants from Bakhira wetland: antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and antimicrobial potential

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月3日

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  • Anju Kumari Ojha,
  • Chandrabala

摘要

This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, α-amylase inhibition, and antimicrobial potential of five selected aquatic plants—Ludwigia adscendens, Phragmites karka, Lemna minor, Ipomoea aquatica, and Eichhornia crassipes—collected from Bakhira Wetland. Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analyses of ethanolic and chloroform extracts confirmed the occurrence of bioactive compounds, with I. aquatica displaying the highest phenolic (72.92 ± 0.21 μg/mg), flavonoid (21.65 ± 0.09 μg/mg), and alkaloid (74.40 ± 0.30 μg/mg) contents. Antioxidant potential was estimated through DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays, showed I. aquatica as the most potent antioxidant source. α-Amylase inhibition assays revealed I. aquatica as the most effective inhibitor (IC50: 69.56 μg/mL), indicating potential antidiabetic properties. The chloroform extract of I. aquatica (200 µg/mL) demonstrated the strongest antibacterial effect, producing inhibition zones of 11.0 ± 0.32 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, 10.0 ± 0.26 mm against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and 9.2 ± 0.13 mm against Escherichia coli. These findings suggest that I. aquatica possesses significant pharmacological potential, highlighting its application in the development of natural antioxidants, antidiabetic agents, and antimicrobial compounds. Further research on bioactive compound isolation and mechanistic pathways is necessary to explore its therapeutic potential.