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Purpose <p>To determine national health care expenditures associated with sleep disorders among children and adolescents in the United States.</p> Methods <p>We conducted secondary analyses of the 2017–2022 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), including children 0–18&#xa0;years of age (<i>n</i> = 41,384). Children with sleep disorders were identified by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code G47.x. Multivariate two-part models, adjusting for covariates, were used to estimate associations between sleep disorders and health care expenditures.</p> Results <p>Among MEPS participants, on average 1.1% (95% CI: 0.9–1.3%) were diagnosed with a sleep disorder, representing 855,000 children diagnosed nationwide each year. Children with sleep disorders were more likely to be White, non-Hispanic (66.2%), categorized as having poor/near poor income (31.8%), on public insurance only (60.2%), and have significantly higher values on pediatric comorbidity index scores (2.7 vs. 0.3). The presence of a sleep disorder was associated with $3240 (95% CI: $2060–$4421, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001) in incremental health care expenditures as compared to not having a sleep disorder ($5897 versus $2656), after controlling for predisposing, enabling, and need factors. National expenditures associated with childhood sleep disorders were estimated at $2.88 billion annually.</p> Conclusion <p>Childhood sleep disorders exert a significant economic burden on society. Our analyses likely underestimate the total economic costs associated with childhood sleep disorders.</p> Brief summary Current knowledge/study rationale <p>Although the varied health outcomes of childhood sleep disorders are well understood, the national economic impacts of these disorders are poorly described. This information is important, as the estimated prevalence of these disorders in the pediatric population is high, and understanding the cost of these disorders could provide support for efforts promoting their early diagnosis and treatment.</p> Study impact <p>We found that the incremental health care costs associated with childhood sleep disorders were significant, amounting to $2.88 billion in annual expenditures. This high cost highlights the need for more effective strategies to prevent and manage pediatric sleep disorders.</p>

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Health care expenditures associated with sleep disorders among children and adolescents in the United States: a nationally representative study

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月7日

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  • Ana C. Carney,
  • Jennifer A. Rabbitts,
  • Caroline U. A. Okorie,
  • Cornelius B. Groenewald

摘要

Purpose

To determine national health care expenditures associated with sleep disorders among children and adolescents in the United States.

Methods

We conducted secondary analyses of the 2017–2022 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS), including children 0–18 years of age (n = 41,384). Children with sleep disorders were identified by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision code G47.x. Multivariate two-part models, adjusting for covariates, were used to estimate associations between sleep disorders and health care expenditures.

Results

Among MEPS participants, on average 1.1% (95% CI: 0.9–1.3%) were diagnosed with a sleep disorder, representing 855,000 children diagnosed nationwide each year. Children with sleep disorders were more likely to be White, non-Hispanic (66.2%), categorized as having poor/near poor income (31.8%), on public insurance only (60.2%), and have significantly higher values on pediatric comorbidity index scores (2.7 vs. 0.3). The presence of a sleep disorder was associated with $3240 (95% CI: $2060–$4421, p < 0.0001) in incremental health care expenditures as compared to not having a sleep disorder ($5897 versus $2656), after controlling for predisposing, enabling, and need factors. National expenditures associated with childhood sleep disorders were estimated at $2.88 billion annually.

Conclusion

Childhood sleep disorders exert a significant economic burden on society. Our analyses likely underestimate the total economic costs associated with childhood sleep disorders.

Brief summary Current knowledge/study rationale

Although the varied health outcomes of childhood sleep disorders are well understood, the national economic impacts of these disorders are poorly described. This information is important, as the estimated prevalence of these disorders in the pediatric population is high, and understanding the cost of these disorders could provide support for efforts promoting their early diagnosis and treatment.

Study impact

We found that the incremental health care costs associated with childhood sleep disorders were significant, amounting to $2.88 billion in annual expenditures. This high cost highlights the need for more effective strategies to prevent and manage pediatric sleep disorders.