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<p>With the advancement of the information age, various information-based products have become increasingly prevalent, leading to a corresponding rise in the volume of data requiring encrypted transmission. Consequently, secure key distribution has become particularly critical, especially in large-scale communication scenarios. Considering practical limitations such as offline availability and low performance among communication participants, we propose an asynchronous group quantum key distribution scheme based on a max heap structure and blockchain technology within classical networks. In this scheme, quantum keys serve as group communication keys, and the encrypted transmission of quantum keys is facilitated through a max heap constructed according to user information. Specifically, during the initialization phase, users upload relevant information to the Key Distribution Center (KDC), while in the key distribution phase, the blockchain stores encrypted temporary group keys, enabling asynchronous access. The proposed scheme not only reduces performance consumption for users within the group but also leverages the intrinsic properties of the max heap to dynamically balance loads. Moreover, the scheme achieves both forward and backward secrecy and demonstrates favorable performance in terms of storage efficiency and computational cost.</p>

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Asynchronous distribution scheme of group quantum keys based on max heap in classical network

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月5日

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  • Dexin Zhu,
  • Zilong Zhao,
  • Huanjie Zhang,
  • Zhiqing Zhou,
  • Yuanbo Li,
  • Jian Zhao,
  • Lijun Song,
  • Jun Zheng

摘要

With the advancement of the information age, various information-based products have become increasingly prevalent, leading to a corresponding rise in the volume of data requiring encrypted transmission. Consequently, secure key distribution has become particularly critical, especially in large-scale communication scenarios. Considering practical limitations such as offline availability and low performance among communication participants, we propose an asynchronous group quantum key distribution scheme based on a max heap structure and blockchain technology within classical networks. In this scheme, quantum keys serve as group communication keys, and the encrypted transmission of quantum keys is facilitated through a max heap constructed according to user information. Specifically, during the initialization phase, users upload relevant information to the Key Distribution Center (KDC), while in the key distribution phase, the blockchain stores encrypted temporary group keys, enabling asynchronous access. The proposed scheme not only reduces performance consumption for users within the group but also leverages the intrinsic properties of the max heap to dynamically balance loads. Moreover, the scheme achieves both forward and backward secrecy and demonstrates favorable performance in terms of storage efficiency and computational cost.