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<p>The novel heterojunction MgTiO₃/Sm³⁺–Bi₂S₃ nanocomposite was designed to perform dual functionality through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to target environmental and biomedical applications. Structurally and interfacially, the coupling of Sm³⁺-doped Bi₂S₃ and MgTiO₃ is confirmed as the development of a heterostructure that demonstrates improved crystallinity and surface reactivity. Concerning the optics, there was a major redshift and band gap narrowing (~ 2.8&#xa0;eV) which resulted in increased visible-light absorption and decreased recombination of charge carriers. When subjected to visible-light irradiation, the heterojunction was able to photo catalytically degrade about ~ 98% of the Acid Red-95 (AR-95) achieving that degradation within 60&#xa0;min which followed pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.0565&#xa0;min⁻¹, R² = 0.998). Through both electron spin resonance and radical scavenging experimental techniques, we were able to identify the oxidative species, •OH and O₂•⁻ as being the major contributors. Additionally, it was confirmed that the nanocomposite incited a concentration-dependent apoptosis and severe morphological disruption of HeLa cells by increasing ROS mediated oxidative stress. The alteration of charge carrier dynamics and the sustained generation of ROS within the range of oxide-sulfide heterojunctions demonstrates that the MgTiO₃/Sm³⁺–Bi₂S₃ is an exceptional candidate for the simultaneous photocatalytic remediation and cancer therapy approaches.</p>

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Engineered MgTiO₃/Sm³⁺–Bi₂S₃ heterojunctions as ROS-active antiproliferative agents against HeLa cells and degradation of Acid Red-95 dye

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月2日

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  • Karma M. Albalawi

摘要

The novel heterojunction MgTiO₃/Sm³⁺–Bi₂S₃ nanocomposite was designed to perform dual functionality through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to target environmental and biomedical applications. Structurally and interfacially, the coupling of Sm³⁺-doped Bi₂S₃ and MgTiO₃ is confirmed as the development of a heterostructure that demonstrates improved crystallinity and surface reactivity. Concerning the optics, there was a major redshift and band gap narrowing (~ 2.8 eV) which resulted in increased visible-light absorption and decreased recombination of charge carriers. When subjected to visible-light irradiation, the heterojunction was able to photo catalytically degrade about ~ 98% of the Acid Red-95 (AR-95) achieving that degradation within 60 min which followed pseudo-first-order kinetics (k = 0.0565 min⁻¹, R² = 0.998). Through both electron spin resonance and radical scavenging experimental techniques, we were able to identify the oxidative species, •OH and O₂•⁻ as being the major contributors. Additionally, it was confirmed that the nanocomposite incited a concentration-dependent apoptosis and severe morphological disruption of HeLa cells by increasing ROS mediated oxidative stress. The alteration of charge carrier dynamics and the sustained generation of ROS within the range of oxide-sulfide heterojunctions demonstrates that the MgTiO₃/Sm³⁺–Bi₂S₃ is an exceptional candidate for the simultaneous photocatalytic remediation and cancer therapy approaches.