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Background <p>Surgical procedures performed under general anesthesia are associated with perioperative stress. In infants undergoing surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B are serum biomarkers that may reflect the biological response of the central nervous system (CNS); however, their interpretation requires a multifactorial approach.</p> Aim <p>This study aimed to evaluate the perioperative dynamics of NSE and S100B in infants undergoing microscopically assisted minimally invasive craniosynostosis surgery and explore their potential clinical significance.</p> Methods <p>This prospective observational pilot study included 30 infants with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis undergoing microscopically assisted minimally invasive surgery under general anesthesia. Serum NSE and S100B levels were measured preoperatively (PRE), immediately after completion of anesthesia and extubation (POST), and 24&#xa0;h after surgery (24&#xa0;h). NSE data were available for all 30 patients, whereas S100B data were available for 26 patients.</p> Results <p>S100B concentrations increased significantly from PRE to POST and decreased significantly at 24&#xa0;h compared with POST values. NSE concentrations increased from PRE to POST and further increased at 24&#xa0;h. The change in S100B concentrations (PRE–POST) showed a moderate negative correlation with surgery (ρ = −0.403; <i>p</i> = 0.041) and anesthesia (ρ = −0.412; <i>p</i> = 0.036) durations; NSE concentrations showed no significant correlation with the analyzed perioperative variables.</p> Conclusion <p>These pilot findings demonstrate perioperative changes in circulating neurological biomarkers that may reflect a transient CNS response to perioperative stress; however, their clinical significance remains uncertain. Further longitudinal follow-up, including additional biomarker sampling and psychomotor developmental assessment, is needed to clarify their potential clinical relevance.</p> Trial Registration <p>The study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05911139) on June 12, 2023.</p>

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Circulating Neurological Biomarkers After Minimally Invasive Surgical Treatment of Craniosynostosis: A Pilot Study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月23日

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  • Barbora Nedomová,
  • Miriam Kolníková,
  • Claudia Šebová,
  • Oľga Matušková,
  • Ladislava Wsólová,
  • Robert Chrenko,
  • Michal Adamišin,
  • Tibor Šagát

摘要

Background

Surgical procedures performed under general anesthesia are associated with perioperative stress. In infants undergoing surgery for nonsyndromic craniosynostosis, neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B are serum biomarkers that may reflect the biological response of the central nervous system (CNS); however, their interpretation requires a multifactorial approach.

Aim

This study aimed to evaluate the perioperative dynamics of NSE and S100B in infants undergoing microscopically assisted minimally invasive craniosynostosis surgery and explore their potential clinical significance.

Methods

This prospective observational pilot study included 30 infants with nonsyndromic craniosynostosis undergoing microscopically assisted minimally invasive surgery under general anesthesia. Serum NSE and S100B levels were measured preoperatively (PRE), immediately after completion of anesthesia and extubation (POST), and 24 h after surgery (24 h). NSE data were available for all 30 patients, whereas S100B data were available for 26 patients.

Results

S100B concentrations increased significantly from PRE to POST and decreased significantly at 24 h compared with POST values. NSE concentrations increased from PRE to POST and further increased at 24 h. The change in S100B concentrations (PRE–POST) showed a moderate negative correlation with surgery (ρ = −0.403; p = 0.041) and anesthesia (ρ = −0.412; p = 0.036) durations; NSE concentrations showed no significant correlation with the analyzed perioperative variables.

Conclusion

These pilot findings demonstrate perioperative changes in circulating neurological biomarkers that may reflect a transient CNS response to perioperative stress; however, their clinical significance remains uncertain. Further longitudinal follow-up, including additional biomarker sampling and psychomotor developmental assessment, is needed to clarify their potential clinical relevance.

Trial Registration

The study was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05911139) on June 12, 2023.