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Objective <p>To evaluate the protective effects of cinnamic acid (CA) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in an experimental acute ischemic priapism model using biochemical and histopathological parameters.</p> Materials and methods <p>Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into three groups (<i>n</i> = 6 each): control, priapism/reperfusion (P/R), and P/R + CA. Acute ischemic priapism was induced for 1&#xa0;h followed by 30&#xa0;min of reperfusion. Cinnamic acid (100&#xa0;mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30&#xa0;min after priapism induction. Penile tissues were evaluated biochemically and histopathologically.</p> Results <p>The P/R group demonstrated significantly increased MDA and NF-κB levels and decreased GPx levels compared with the control group. Cinnamic acid treatment significantly improved these parameters. Significant alterations were also observed in GSH, ATF6, CHOP, and CASP3 levels. Histopathological examination revealed significantly increased vasocongestion and desquamation in the P/R group, whereas these findings were significantly reduced following cinnamic acid treatment. Masson’s trichrome staining demonstrated preservation of smooth muscle architecture and reduced collagen accumulation in the P/R + CA group.</p> Conclusions <p>Cinnamic acid demonstrated protective biochemical and histopathological effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental ischemic priapism. These findings suggest that cinnamic acid may attenuate oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, and tissue injury associated with ischemic priapism. Further experimental and clinical studies are required to clarify its therapeutic potential and long-term safety profile.</p>

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Protective Role of Cinnamic Acid in Experimental Ischemic Priapism

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Goktug Atnallar,
  • Ersagun Karaguzel,
  • Ilke Onur Kazaz,
  • Ahmet Mentese,
  • Selim Demir,
  • Gokcen Kerimoglu

摘要

Objective

To evaluate the protective effects of cinnamic acid (CA) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in an experimental acute ischemic priapism model using biochemical and histopathological parameters.

Materials and methods

Eighteen male Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated into three groups (n = 6 each): control, priapism/reperfusion (P/R), and P/R + CA. Acute ischemic priapism was induced for 1 h followed by 30 min of reperfusion. Cinnamic acid (100 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally 30 min after priapism induction. Penile tissues were evaluated biochemically and histopathologically.

Results

The P/R group demonstrated significantly increased MDA and NF-κB levels and decreased GPx levels compared with the control group. Cinnamic acid treatment significantly improved these parameters. Significant alterations were also observed in GSH, ATF6, CHOP, and CASP3 levels. Histopathological examination revealed significantly increased vasocongestion and desquamation in the P/R group, whereas these findings were significantly reduced following cinnamic acid treatment. Masson’s trichrome staining demonstrated preservation of smooth muscle architecture and reduced collagen accumulation in the P/R + CA group.

Conclusions

Cinnamic acid demonstrated protective biochemical and histopathological effects against ischemia-reperfusion injury in experimental ischemic priapism. These findings suggest that cinnamic acid may attenuate oxidative stress, inflammatory activation, and tissue injury associated with ischemic priapism. Further experimental and clinical studies are required to clarify its therapeutic potential and long-term safety profile.