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Background <p>Diet plays a&#xa0;fundamental role in maintaining intestinal health. Here, we investigated whether there is the causal association of diet with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the potential effect of gut microbiota on these relationships, by using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.</p> Materials and methods <p>Genetic instruments for 29 dietary intake variables and 139 food-liking traits were obtained from the UK-Biobank. The GWAS statistics on IBD and its two subtypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), were obtained from the IEU database. GWAS of gut microbiome was obtained from the MiBioGen alliance. Associations were assessed by inverse-variance weighted method, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode. Gut microbiome was assessed for the mediated effect on the associations of dietary variables with IBD.</p> Results <p>We identified causal associations between 21 dietary factors (including 3 dietary intake and 18 food-liking traits) with IBD, UC and/or CD. These dietary variables affected 22 bacteria genera, and among them, 9 were causally associated with the IBD risk. Notably, <i>Ruminococcus_torques_group</i>, a symbiotic bacterium possessing anti-inflammatory properties, significantly mediated the relationship between various food-liking traits (e.g., liking for acquired taste, strong flavor, blue cheese and beans) and IBD risks. <i>Ruminococcaceae UCG003</i> showed a significant mediating efficacy in the relation of liking for sharp flavor and CD.</p> Conclusion <p>Our study reveals the causal impacts of dietary factors on the&#xa0;risk of IBD and its subtypes, and provides novel insights on the potential of modulating intestinal microbiota as novel therapeutic targets between diet and IBD prevention.</p>

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Dissecting casual effects of diet on the risk of inflammatory bowel disease and the potential mediation by gut microbiota: a Mendelian randomization study

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月3日

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  • Tianqi Liu,
  • Lanqi Zhou,
  • Jiayao Lv,
  • Yizhe Qu,
  • Lin Shi

摘要

Background

Diet plays a fundamental role in maintaining intestinal health. Here, we investigated whether there is the causal association of diet with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and the potential effect of gut microbiota on these relationships, by using two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

Materials and methods

Genetic instruments for 29 dietary intake variables and 139 food-liking traits were obtained from the UK-Biobank. The GWAS statistics on IBD and its two subtypes, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), were obtained from the IEU database. GWAS of gut microbiome was obtained from the MiBioGen alliance. Associations were assessed by inverse-variance weighted method, MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode and weighted mode. Gut microbiome was assessed for the mediated effect on the associations of dietary variables with IBD.

Results

We identified causal associations between 21 dietary factors (including 3 dietary intake and 18 food-liking traits) with IBD, UC and/or CD. These dietary variables affected 22 bacteria genera, and among them, 9 were causally associated with the IBD risk. Notably, Ruminococcus_torques_group, a symbiotic bacterium possessing anti-inflammatory properties, significantly mediated the relationship between various food-liking traits (e.g., liking for acquired taste, strong flavor, blue cheese and beans) and IBD risks. Ruminococcaceae UCG003 showed a significant mediating efficacy in the relation of liking for sharp flavor and CD.

Conclusion

Our study reveals the causal impacts of dietary factors on the risk of IBD and its subtypes, and provides novel insights on the potential of modulating intestinal microbiota as novel therapeutic targets between diet and IBD prevention.