<p>The utilization of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) behavior of metallic nanostructures (NSs) can be very important for the advancement of bio sensing technology. The change in the local dielectric environment of these NSs arises via binding with bio/chemical analytes that usually influences the modification in their UV-Visible (UV-Vis.) light extinction spectra. Such modification in UV-Vis. spectra as a function of concentration of bio/chemical analytes can lead to the development of bio/chemical sensors. In such a context, this work investigates the potential of colloidal gold (Au) nanorods (NRs) and nanoflowers (NFs) for glucose sensing with monitoring the change in their extinction spectra as a function of glucose concentrations. Glucose sensing is very crucial for people with diabetes or those at high risk of it. Our study shows that both Au NRs and NFs can be effective for glucose sensing in the range of 1 ~ 10 mM, satisfying the capability of diagnosis of diabetics. Furthermore, this study briefly analyzes the potential Au NRs and NFs arrays to derive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) signals for selected functional molecules, 4-mecraptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid (4-MPBA). As these molecules have previously demonstrated effectiveness for SERS based pH value and glucose sensing, this study may provide a fundamental basis for the future development of SERS based glucose and pH sensors, which are essential in modern healthcare.</p>