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<p>Personalized medicine is an emerging field that is transforming healthcare by tailoring treatments to individual patients, optimizing efficacy, outcomes and overall patient care. Although traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing prioritizes efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and large-scale production, its “one-size-fits-all” approach lacks the flexibility needed to meet the unique medical needs of individual patients. The processes such as milling, blending, granulation, drying, compression, coating, and packaging are designed for mass production, but these methods struggle to accommodate personalized treatment requirements within the traditional manufacturing setup. With advancements in engineering and technology, pharmaceutical manufacturing is undergoing a transformation, shifting toward more adaptable and precise methods to address individual patient needs, and this evolution is paving the way for personalized medicine. We examine breakthrough technologies such as 3D printing, microfluidics, flow chemistry, pharmacy-on-demand, continuous manufacturing, smart manufacturing, single-tablet scale, and solid dosage pens, each playing a role in tailoring medications to individual patients. This article reviews the advantages and drawbacks of emerging personalized medicine technologies, offering perspectives on manufacturing innovations and implementation challenges for flexible, patient-focused solutions.</p>

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Personalized medicine: perspectives on innovations and challenges in 3D printing, continuous manufacturing and on-demand production

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月10日

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  • Grecia Y. Geigel Rodriguez,
  • Carmen M. González Díaz,
  • Sunita Dahiya

摘要

Personalized medicine is an emerging field that is transforming healthcare by tailoring treatments to individual patients, optimizing efficacy, outcomes and overall patient care. Although traditional pharmaceutical manufacturing prioritizes efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and large-scale production, its “one-size-fits-all” approach lacks the flexibility needed to meet the unique medical needs of individual patients. The processes such as milling, blending, granulation, drying, compression, coating, and packaging are designed for mass production, but these methods struggle to accommodate personalized treatment requirements within the traditional manufacturing setup. With advancements in engineering and technology, pharmaceutical manufacturing is undergoing a transformation, shifting toward more adaptable and precise methods to address individual patient needs, and this evolution is paving the way for personalized medicine. We examine breakthrough technologies such as 3D printing, microfluidics, flow chemistry, pharmacy-on-demand, continuous manufacturing, smart manufacturing, single-tablet scale, and solid dosage pens, each playing a role in tailoring medications to individual patients. This article reviews the advantages and drawbacks of emerging personalized medicine technologies, offering perspectives on manufacturing innovations and implementation challenges for flexible, patient-focused solutions.