Guidelines for Conserving Pollinating Insects in Southeastern US Forests
摘要
Management decisions play an important role in shaping the diversity and composition of pollinating insects (including bees, hover flies, and beetles) in southeastern US forests. Three general conclusions can be reached from the literature. First, because different pollinator taxa have different requirements and sensitivities to disturbance, pollinators will benefit from efforts to enhance habitat heterogeneity, such as providing a variety of forest types and successional stages, throughout the region. Second, fire can have both positive (revitalizing herbaceous plant communities and maintaining favorable nest sites) and negative (direct mortality and temporarily eliminating floral resources) effects on pollinators. Thus, fire-maintained landscapes characterized by high pyrodiversity — consisting of a patchwork of different fire frequencies, seasons of fire, and infrequently burned areas — will benefit pollinator diversity the most. Finally, it is essential to protect nesting and breeding resources required by different pollinator taxa, especially dead wood.