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<p>Maize is an emerging crop for cultivation in the seasonal fallow lands of the coastal region. However, indiscriminate nitrogen (N) fertilizer application, often without proper consideration of timing and application methods, limits maize productivity in these areas. The objective of this study conducted over three consecutive cropping seasons (2022–2024) was to determine the optimal N application methods and timing to maximize crop yield through improved N use efficiency (NUE). Seven N fertilizer treatments with three replicates were evaluated (T<sub>1</sub>: 1/3 basal broadcasting (BB) + 1/3 side dressing (SD) at 35&#xa0;days after seed sowing (DAS) + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T<sub>2</sub>: 1/3 basal side banding (BSB) + 1/3 SD at 35 DAS + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T<sub>3</sub>: 1/3 SD at 15 DAS + 1/3 SD at 35 DAS + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T<sub>4</sub>: 1/3 basal row placement + 1/3 SD at 35 DAS + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T<sub>5</sub>: 20% SD at 15 DAS + 40% SD at 35 DAS + 40% SD at 60 DAS; T<sub>6</sub>: 1/2 SD at 35 DAS + 1/2 SD at 60 DAS; T<sub>7</sub>: 100% SD at 35 DAS) under randomized complete block design model. The tested variety was hybrid DON 111. The equal split applications by side dressing at 15, 35 and 60 DAS treatment produced the significantly highest (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) grain yields of 10.87, 11.76, and 10.79&#xa0;t&#xa0;ha⁻<sup>1</sup> in 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively. The pooled stover yield (11.78&#xa0;t&#xa0;ha<sup>−1</sup>; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) and root yield (1.44&#xa0;t&#xa0;ha<sup>−1</sup>; <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) were also significantly highest under this treatment. Delaying N fertilizer application until 15 DAS, followed by two additional split applications supplying at least 67% of the total N at 35 and 60 DAS, was the most effective N fertilizer application strategy for enhancing maize yield in the coastal ecosystem.</p>

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Optimizing split nitrogen application for enhanced maize yield in slightly saline coastal soils (ECe 3–4 dS m−1)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月17日

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  • Mohammad Asadul Haque,
  • Md. Isfatuzzaman Bhuyan,
  • Dilruba Easmin Jharna,
  • Md. Jahiruddin,
  • Richard William Bell

摘要

Maize is an emerging crop for cultivation in the seasonal fallow lands of the coastal region. However, indiscriminate nitrogen (N) fertilizer application, often without proper consideration of timing and application methods, limits maize productivity in these areas. The objective of this study conducted over three consecutive cropping seasons (2022–2024) was to determine the optimal N application methods and timing to maximize crop yield through improved N use efficiency (NUE). Seven N fertilizer treatments with three replicates were evaluated (T1: 1/3 basal broadcasting (BB) + 1/3 side dressing (SD) at 35 days after seed sowing (DAS) + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T2: 1/3 basal side banding (BSB) + 1/3 SD at 35 DAS + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T3: 1/3 SD at 15 DAS + 1/3 SD at 35 DAS + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T4: 1/3 basal row placement + 1/3 SD at 35 DAS + 1/3 SD at 60 DAS; T5: 20% SD at 15 DAS + 40% SD at 35 DAS + 40% SD at 60 DAS; T6: 1/2 SD at 35 DAS + 1/2 SD at 60 DAS; T7: 100% SD at 35 DAS) under randomized complete block design model. The tested variety was hybrid DON 111. The equal split applications by side dressing at 15, 35 and 60 DAS treatment produced the significantly highest (p < 0.01) grain yields of 10.87, 11.76, and 10.79 t ha⁻1 in 2022, 2023 and 2024, respectively. The pooled stover yield (11.78 t ha−1; p < 0.05) and root yield (1.44 t ha−1; p < 0.001) were also significantly highest under this treatment. Delaying N fertilizer application until 15 DAS, followed by two additional split applications supplying at least 67% of the total N at 35 and 60 DAS, was the most effective N fertilizer application strategy for enhancing maize yield in the coastal ecosystem.