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<p>As the academic bibliography shows, at the metropolitan scale, the rehabilitation or demolition of old buildings and houses, as well as the construction of new ones, could generate contaminated soils and sediments. This paper describes the elemental composition of major and trace elements in the 0.063&#xa0;mm fraction in soils of four urban sites in the Barrio Salamanca district of Madrid (Spain). The aim was to evaluate the ecological risk posed by PTEs in order to understand their potential impact on soil quality during urban construction activities. To this end, laboratory tests were performed using standard soil investigation procedures: quantitative elemental analysis was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after acid digestion (aqua regia), while X-ray diffraction was used to characterise the soil mineralogy. The characteristics of urban soils studied appear strongly influenced by the construction/urban activities. Based on the findings it can be concluded that comparing the elemental compositions of soils from different horizons, it is possible to recognise the origin of elemental enrichment. The soils of the Barrio Salamanca analysed for this study do show significant signs of contamination; For the elements As, Sn and W, high values have been detected, both for the CF index (9.1, 9.1, and 6.0 respectively), and for the Igeo index (2.6, 2.6 and 2.0 respectively). Certain samples were found to be extremely contaminated. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Madrid’s pedogeochemistry, thereby supporting human health and well-being. In addition, this paper can be used to educate policymakers, practitioners, and the general public when revitalizing a building.</p>

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Soil geochemical signature and pollution risks of potential toxic elements in urban soils: a case study from Madrid, (Spain) after building demolition, reconstruction, and rehabilitation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月10日

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  • Raimundo Jiménez-Ballesta,
  • Isabel S. De Soto,
  • Rosario García-Giménez

摘要

As the academic bibliography shows, at the metropolitan scale, the rehabilitation or demolition of old buildings and houses, as well as the construction of new ones, could generate contaminated soils and sediments. This paper describes the elemental composition of major and trace elements in the 0.063 mm fraction in soils of four urban sites in the Barrio Salamanca district of Madrid (Spain). The aim was to evaluate the ecological risk posed by PTEs in order to understand their potential impact on soil quality during urban construction activities. To this end, laboratory tests were performed using standard soil investigation procedures: quantitative elemental analysis was carried out by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after acid digestion (aqua regia), while X-ray diffraction was used to characterise the soil mineralogy. The characteristics of urban soils studied appear strongly influenced by the construction/urban activities. Based on the findings it can be concluded that comparing the elemental compositions of soils from different horizons, it is possible to recognise the origin of elemental enrichment. The soils of the Barrio Salamanca analysed for this study do show significant signs of contamination; For the elements As, Sn and W, high values have been detected, both for the CF index (9.1, 9.1, and 6.0 respectively), and for the Igeo index (2.6, 2.6 and 2.0 respectively). Certain samples were found to be extremely contaminated. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of Madrid’s pedogeochemistry, thereby supporting human health and well-being. In addition, this paper can be used to educate policymakers, practitioners, and the general public when revitalizing a building.