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<p>Control of perennial grasses with glyphosate in flooded rice fields is becoming difficult for smallholder farmers in the tropics, hence the need to establish best control period with glyphosate mode of action. This study aimed to determine the response of <i>Sacciolepis africana C. E.</i> (Hubb and Snowden) to varying glyphosate doses and establish knowledge of appropriate soil moisture conditions suitable for the control of <i>S. africana</i>. Four different screenhouse environments (E-I, E-II, E-III and E-IV) were established. Within each environment, experiment was laid out as a completely randomized factorial design with two moisture levels (moist and flood) and seven glyphosate doses (0x,0.5x,1.0x, 1.5x, 2.0x,2.5x and 3.0x, where x represents glyphosate recommended rate 1.44&#xa0;kg a.e ha-1). Result revealed that glyphosate efficacy against <i>S. africana</i> was strongly affected by soil moisture conditions across environments. Control efficacy under flooded conditions was substantially lower (10–95%) than under moist conditions, where efficacy consistently ranged from 93 to 100%. Dose–response analysis showed that lower glyphosate rates (≤ 0.64&#xa0;kg a.e ha⁻¹) were sufficient to achieve 50% control under moist conditions, whereas higher rates (0.8–2.0&#xa0;kg a.e ha⁻¹) were required under flooded conditions. Preferably, application of 0.72&#xa0;kg a.e ha⁻¹ achieved 97–100% control under moist conditions (except E-I) unlike 10–32% control under flooded conditions. Moreso, under flooded conditions, <i>S. africana</i> re-growth occured under high temperatures (57–63&#xa0;°C) and light intensity (100%) environments. The result suggests that, optimal control of <i>S. africana</i> can be realized during the off-season (moist soil condition) with reduced glyphosate dose (0.72&#xa0;kg a.e ha-1). These findings demonstrate that flooding markedly reduced glyphosate performance against <i>S. africana</i>.</p>

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Off-season control of Sacciolepis africana with reduced glyphosate under flooded rice systems

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月6日

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  • Oyebanji O. Alagbo,
  • Akinwumi Olaoye,
  • Oluyemisi A. Akinyemiju,
  • Bhagirath S. Chauhan

摘要

Control of perennial grasses with glyphosate in flooded rice fields is becoming difficult for smallholder farmers in the tropics, hence the need to establish best control period with glyphosate mode of action. This study aimed to determine the response of Sacciolepis africana C. E. (Hubb and Snowden) to varying glyphosate doses and establish knowledge of appropriate soil moisture conditions suitable for the control of S. africana. Four different screenhouse environments (E-I, E-II, E-III and E-IV) were established. Within each environment, experiment was laid out as a completely randomized factorial design with two moisture levels (moist and flood) and seven glyphosate doses (0x,0.5x,1.0x, 1.5x, 2.0x,2.5x and 3.0x, where x represents glyphosate recommended rate 1.44 kg a.e ha-1). Result revealed that glyphosate efficacy against S. africana was strongly affected by soil moisture conditions across environments. Control efficacy under flooded conditions was substantially lower (10–95%) than under moist conditions, where efficacy consistently ranged from 93 to 100%. Dose–response analysis showed that lower glyphosate rates (≤ 0.64 kg a.e ha⁻¹) were sufficient to achieve 50% control under moist conditions, whereas higher rates (0.8–2.0 kg a.e ha⁻¹) were required under flooded conditions. Preferably, application of 0.72 kg a.e ha⁻¹ achieved 97–100% control under moist conditions (except E-I) unlike 10–32% control under flooded conditions. Moreso, under flooded conditions, S. africana re-growth occured under high temperatures (57–63 °C) and light intensity (100%) environments. The result suggests that, optimal control of S. africana can be realized during the off-season (moist soil condition) with reduced glyphosate dose (0.72 kg a.e ha-1). These findings demonstrate that flooding markedly reduced glyphosate performance against S. africana.