Scholarlink

<p>An increase in temperature substantially reduces the productivity and quality of crops. Heat stress is a significant abiotic threat to barley supply, induces membrane instability, protein denaturation, and accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). These effects disrupts photosynthesis and reproductive failure, resulting in substantial losses in barley production and growth. This review has critically examined the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress tolerance in barley. Some crucial physiological mechanisms, such as sowing time optimization, heat priming, proper irrigation management, fertilizers application, and fungal &amp; bacterial inoculation, which can mitigate the effects of heat in barley discussed in this review. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism includes mechanistic insights from <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, molecular breeding techniques, quantitative trait loci mapping (QTLs), genomic selection (GS), and gene editing through CRISPR/CAs9 technique, are found most effective for enhancing heat tolerance and developing heat-resilient barley varieties. There are 3 QTLs regions from 120 distinct genotypes in barley’s population that are linked with heat stress has reported. Another 10 QTLs regions linked with stress &amp; grain quality have also been identified. The <i>HvGST4</i> gene from wild barley (<i>Hordeum spontaneum</i>) has been overexpressed in <i>A. thaliana</i>, and the <i>TaHsfA6b</i> gene from wheat has been overexpressed in barley through a gene editing technique that exhibits improved heat tolerance. Further study of transcription factor (TFs) genes, <i>TaHsfA6b</i> of wheat, and enzyme-coding gene, <i>HvGST4</i> of wild barley, can enhance and develop heat-tolerant barley varieties. However, the integration of these molecular and physiological mechanism at large scale field is big challenge. A significant progress can be made by further appropriate research to reduce the heat stress and enhance the sustainable yield of barley.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Evaluation of molecular and physiological mechanisms underpinning heat stress tolerance in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.): an approach towards heat resilient barley production

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月14日

查看全文
  • Ali Hasnain,
  • Muhammad Naveed Anjum,
  • Zahid Mehmood,
  • Adeel Mustafa,
  • Muhammad Umer Farooq Awan

摘要

An increase in temperature substantially reduces the productivity and quality of crops. Heat stress is a significant abiotic threat to barley supply, induces membrane instability, protein denaturation, and accumulation of excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS). These effects disrupts photosynthesis and reproductive failure, resulting in substantial losses in barley production and growth. This review has critically examined the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying heat stress tolerance in barley. Some crucial physiological mechanisms, such as sowing time optimization, heat priming, proper irrigation management, fertilizers application, and fungal & bacterial inoculation, which can mitigate the effects of heat in barley discussed in this review. Furthermore, the molecular mechanism includes mechanistic insights from Arabidopsis thaliana, molecular breeding techniques, quantitative trait loci mapping (QTLs), genomic selection (GS), and gene editing through CRISPR/CAs9 technique, are found most effective for enhancing heat tolerance and developing heat-resilient barley varieties. There are 3 QTLs regions from 120 distinct genotypes in barley’s population that are linked with heat stress has reported. Another 10 QTLs regions linked with stress & grain quality have also been identified. The HvGST4 gene from wild barley (Hordeum spontaneum) has been overexpressed in A. thaliana, and the TaHsfA6b gene from wheat has been overexpressed in barley through a gene editing technique that exhibits improved heat tolerance. Further study of transcription factor (TFs) genes, TaHsfA6b of wheat, and enzyme-coding gene, HvGST4 of wild barley, can enhance and develop heat-tolerant barley varieties. However, the integration of these molecular and physiological mechanism at large scale field is big challenge. A significant progress can be made by further appropriate research to reduce the heat stress and enhance the sustainable yield of barley.