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<p>Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is underutilized in cowpea breeding programs in Nigeria, where morphological markers are still commonly used. These morphological markers provide inadequate information on germplasm structure, are often incompletely linked to genes of interest, and exhibit low polymorphism, limiting breeders’ ability to obtain precise and informative data for selection. The present research assessed the genetic diversity among thirty Nigerian cowpea accessions using SSR markers. The accessions were grown in the greenhouse, and DNA was extracted using a modified CTAB method. PCR amplification was performed with 50 SSR primers, of which 46 revealed polymorphic bands. Genetic diversity analysis included Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) clustering, Nei’s genetic distance, and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Groups for AMOVA were defined by genetic clustering using k-means. The AMOVA revealed a well-structured genetic variation, with 71.64% of the diversity found within groups and 28.36% among groups (<i>p</i> = 0.001). The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.2556, mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.2610, mean fixation index (Fst) was 0.2929, and mean gene flow (Nm) was 2.10. These results confirm the presence of genetic variation and gene flow among accessions. The findings highlight the efficacy of SSR markers for discriminating cowpea genotypes and provide valuable insights for selecting diverse parental lines in breeding programs aimed at improving cowpea resilience, productivity, and conservation in Nigeria.</p>

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Molecular characterization and genetic diversity analysis of Nigerian cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) accessions using SSR markers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月3日

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  • Ronke Justina Komolafe,
  • Benjamin Narh-Madey,
  • Shadrach Aseidu Coffie,
  • John Saviour Yaw Eleblu,
  • Modinat Adejoke Adekoya,
  • Oyinade Aderoju David,
  • Gbemisola Oluwayemisi Otusanya

摘要

Marker-assisted selection (MAS) is underutilized in cowpea breeding programs in Nigeria, where morphological markers are still commonly used. These morphological markers provide inadequate information on germplasm structure, are often incompletely linked to genes of interest, and exhibit low polymorphism, limiting breeders’ ability to obtain precise and informative data for selection. The present research assessed the genetic diversity among thirty Nigerian cowpea accessions using SSR markers. The accessions were grown in the greenhouse, and DNA was extracted using a modified CTAB method. PCR amplification was performed with 50 SSR primers, of which 46 revealed polymorphic bands. Genetic diversity analysis included Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean (UPGMA) clustering, Nei’s genetic distance, and analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). Groups for AMOVA were defined by genetic clustering using k-means. The AMOVA revealed a well-structured genetic variation, with 71.64% of the diversity found within groups and 28.36% among groups (p = 0.001). The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) was 0.2556, mean expected heterozygosity (He) was 0.2610, mean fixation index (Fst) was 0.2929, and mean gene flow (Nm) was 2.10. These results confirm the presence of genetic variation and gene flow among accessions. The findings highlight the efficacy of SSR markers for discriminating cowpea genotypes and provide valuable insights for selecting diverse parental lines in breeding programs aimed at improving cowpea resilience, productivity, and conservation in Nigeria.