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<p><i>Dioclea reflexa</i> Hook. F, a member of the Fabaceae family, has been reported in previous studies to exhibit pharmacological properties such as antioxidant and antiviral activities. However, the biological activities of its essential oils remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, cytotoxic activity, and antioxidant potential of essential oils extracted from the roots, stems, and leaves of <i>D. reflexa</i>. Essential oils were obtained via hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Cytotoxic activity was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test (BST), while antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH and FRAP assays. A total of 63 compounds were identified, with 1,8-cineole (11.9%), α-terpinyl acetate (7.30%), and borneol acetate (6.37%) dominating in the leaves; α-terpinyl acetate (11.06%), camphene (3.94%), and borneol acetate (7.22%) prevailing in the stem; and 1,8-cineole (6.04%), α-terpinyl acetate (6.78%), and borneol acetate (6.43%) being predominant in the root. Among the oils, the root-derived oil exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (LC<sub>50</sub> = 1.04&#xa0;µg/mL), followed by the stem (LC<sub>50</sub> = 1.28&#xa0;µg/mL) and leaves (LC<sub>50</sub> = 1.80&#xa0;µg/mL). The stem oil demonstrated the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP value: 0.87&#xa0;mg Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺/g), while the leaf oil exhibited the lowest (FRAP value: 0.19&#xa0;mg Fe<sup>2</sup>⁺/g). These findings suggest that the essential oils from the roots and stems of <i>D. reflexa</i> hold significant promise as natural antioxidants and may have potential applications in managing oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases. </p>

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Chemical composition, antioxidant and cytotoxicity potential of essential oils from Dioclea reflexa: a comparative study of root, stem, and leaves

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Muili Mojisola Kareem,
  • Abdulkabir Oladele Oladimeji

摘要

Dioclea reflexa Hook. F, a member of the Fabaceae family, has been reported in previous studies to exhibit pharmacological properties such as antioxidant and antiviral activities. However, the biological activities of its essential oils remain unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition, cytotoxic activity, and antioxidant potential of essential oils extracted from the roots, stems, and leaves of D. reflexa. Essential oils were obtained via hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Cytotoxic activity was assessed using the brine shrimp lethality test (BST), while antioxidant capacity was evaluated using the DPPH and FRAP assays. A total of 63 compounds were identified, with 1,8-cineole (11.9%), α-terpinyl acetate (7.30%), and borneol acetate (6.37%) dominating in the leaves; α-terpinyl acetate (11.06%), camphene (3.94%), and borneol acetate (7.22%) prevailing in the stem; and 1,8-cineole (6.04%), α-terpinyl acetate (6.78%), and borneol acetate (6.43%) being predominant in the root. Among the oils, the root-derived oil exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (LC50 = 1.04 µg/mL), followed by the stem (LC50 = 1.28 µg/mL) and leaves (LC50 = 1.80 µg/mL). The stem oil demonstrated the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP value: 0.87 mg Fe2⁺/g), while the leaf oil exhibited the lowest (FRAP value: 0.19 mg Fe2⁺/g). These findings suggest that the essential oils from the roots and stems of D. reflexa hold significant promise as natural antioxidants and may have potential applications in managing oxidative stress and inflammatory diseases.