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<p>Abiotic stress, such as salinity in irrigation water, impacts plant growth and yield, with severe stress potentially causing plant death. However, controlled stress can improve plant fortification. This study explored the effects of intermittent salt applications (43 and 77&#xa0;mM for durations of 24 and 72&#xa0;h) during the fruiting stage of strawberries in hydroponics (Kratky and substrate-based systems) to enhance total soluble solids (TSS). Alternating freshwater and 77&#xa0;mM saltwater every 72&#xa0;h in substrate-based systems resulted in the highest total soluble solids (TSS), reaching 13.28&#xa0;°Brix (°Bx)—approximately 24% higher than the control (10.72&#xa0;°Bx). However, this value was not statistically different from the other salt-stressed treatments within the same hydroponic system, with TSS values ranging from 10.85 to 12.98&#xa0;°Bx. Yield and fruit weight were unaffected in either hydroponic technique. However, the plants applied for 72&#xa0;h of 77&#xa0;mM salinity under the Kratky method resulted in a significantly higher percentage of fruit deformities, with over 10%. In the substrate-based technique, the deformed fruits under the salt-treated plants were not significantly different from the control, with percentages ranging from 5.08 to 7.16%. These results indicate that the substrate-based hydroponic strawberries, irrigated intermittently with 43–77&#xa0;mM saltwater every 24–72&#xa0;h during fruiting, can enhance sugar content without negatively impacting yield and causing significant fruit deformities.</p>

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Intermittent salt application enhances total soluble solids of strawberries (Fragaria × ananassa) in hydroponics

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Christopher Pascual,
  • Lirong Xiang,
  • Steven Hall,
  • Ricardo Hernandez

摘要

Abiotic stress, such as salinity in irrigation water, impacts plant growth and yield, with severe stress potentially causing plant death. However, controlled stress can improve plant fortification. This study explored the effects of intermittent salt applications (43 and 77 mM for durations of 24 and 72 h) during the fruiting stage of strawberries in hydroponics (Kratky and substrate-based systems) to enhance total soluble solids (TSS). Alternating freshwater and 77 mM saltwater every 72 h in substrate-based systems resulted in the highest total soluble solids (TSS), reaching 13.28 °Brix (°Bx)—approximately 24% higher than the control (10.72 °Bx). However, this value was not statistically different from the other salt-stressed treatments within the same hydroponic system, with TSS values ranging from 10.85 to 12.98 °Bx. Yield and fruit weight were unaffected in either hydroponic technique. However, the plants applied for 72 h of 77 mM salinity under the Kratky method resulted in a significantly higher percentage of fruit deformities, with over 10%. In the substrate-based technique, the deformed fruits under the salt-treated plants were not significantly different from the control, with percentages ranging from 5.08 to 7.16%. These results indicate that the substrate-based hydroponic strawberries, irrigated intermittently with 43–77 mM saltwater every 24–72 h during fruiting, can enhance sugar content without negatively impacting yield and causing significant fruit deformities.