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<p>The late spring cold in the vineyards and the resulting damages, which sometimes destroy up to 90% of the plant production, is one of the crucial problems of grape growing limitation in cold regions. An efficient method to produce tolerant cultivars to environmental stresses such as cold stress in perennial plants is selection in vitro conditions using somaclonal variation. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted under controlled conditions at Yasouj University. Regenerated plantlets of four Iranian popular grape genotypes including Askari, Siah, Rish baba, and Gavi were exposed to four temperature levels (2, 8, 14, and 25 Celsius degrees). Seven days after applying the temperature treatments, electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence, proline content, total soluble sugars, and total soluble protein traits were measured. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the effects of temperature and cultivar for all the measured traits, and the temperature × cultivar interaction for the electrolyte leakage, minimum fluorescence (Fo) variable fluorescence (Fv), maximum fluorescence (Fm), soluble sugar and soluble protein traits were significant. Electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence, proline content, soluble sugar, and soluble protein were changed due to cold stress, indicating the direct relationship between these traits and cold tolerance in different grape cultivars. There was a significant negative correlation between electrolyte leakage with Fm (r = − 0.69) and Fv/Fm (r = − 0.95). Also, a significant positive correlation was observed between electrolyte leakage with the proline content (r = 0.96), total soluble sugar (r = 0.85), and total soluble protein (r = 0.93). The responses of grape genotypes to cold and their mechanisms of cold tolerance were different. The Askari cultivar by increasing proline and protein contents, the Gavi cultivar by increasing SPAD and Fv/Fm ratio, the Siah cultivar by reducing electrolyte leakage and increasing soluble sugars, and the Rish baba cultivar by increasing Fv and Fm coped with cold stress. Gavi cultivar, which had the lowest values for Fo, Fv, Fm, proline, and protein, seems to be the most sensitive to cold stress compared to the other three genotypes. These results can be used in breeding programs to improve cold tolerance in grapes.</p>

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Responses of some important physiological traits of regenerated plantlet grape (Vitis vinifera L.) genotypes to cold stress

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月22日

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  • Somayeh Hajizadeh Sisakhti,
  • Massoud Dehdari,
  • Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi

摘要

The late spring cold in the vineyards and the resulting damages, which sometimes destroy up to 90% of the plant production, is one of the crucial problems of grape growing limitation in cold regions. An efficient method to produce tolerant cultivars to environmental stresses such as cold stress in perennial plants is selection in vitro conditions using somaclonal variation. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted under controlled conditions at Yasouj University. Regenerated plantlets of four Iranian popular grape genotypes including Askari, Siah, Rish baba, and Gavi were exposed to four temperature levels (2, 8, 14, and 25 Celsius degrees). Seven days after applying the temperature treatments, electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence, proline content, total soluble sugars, and total soluble protein traits were measured. The results of the analysis of variance showed that the effects of temperature and cultivar for all the measured traits, and the temperature × cultivar interaction for the electrolyte leakage, minimum fluorescence (Fo) variable fluorescence (Fv), maximum fluorescence (Fm), soluble sugar and soluble protein traits were significant. Electrolyte leakage, chlorophyll fluorescence, proline content, soluble sugar, and soluble protein were changed due to cold stress, indicating the direct relationship between these traits and cold tolerance in different grape cultivars. There was a significant negative correlation between electrolyte leakage with Fm (r = − 0.69) and Fv/Fm (r = − 0.95). Also, a significant positive correlation was observed between electrolyte leakage with the proline content (r = 0.96), total soluble sugar (r = 0.85), and total soluble protein (r = 0.93). The responses of grape genotypes to cold and their mechanisms of cold tolerance were different. The Askari cultivar by increasing proline and protein contents, the Gavi cultivar by increasing SPAD and Fv/Fm ratio, the Siah cultivar by reducing electrolyte leakage and increasing soluble sugars, and the Rish baba cultivar by increasing Fv and Fm coped with cold stress. Gavi cultivar, which had the lowest values for Fo, Fv, Fm, proline, and protein, seems to be the most sensitive to cold stress compared to the other three genotypes. These results can be used in breeding programs to improve cold tolerance in grapes.