<p><i>Taraxacum officinale</i> G.H. Weber ex Wiggers (<i>T. officinale</i>) belonging to the Asteraceae family, commonly known as dandelion, is a prominent medicinal plant of Arabian, American, Chinese and Ayurvedic system of medicine. This plant has been used for health purposes since ancient times. It has been used for its medicinal purposes in various ailments like hepatic disorders, breast, and uterus cancers. Due to the presence of a variety of beneficial nutrients, including vitamins, minerals and fatty acids this plant has a great impact on human health. It provides broad varieties of phytochemicals which possess specific biological activities like sesquiterpene lactones with anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, triterpene with anti-atherosclerotic effects, phenolic acids with antioxidant and immunostimulatory properties, coumarins with antitumor, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticoagulant properties and flavonoids with antioxidant activity. The objective of this review is to provide an existing knowledge on <i>T. officinale</i> focused on ethnomedicinal uses, pharmacological activities, phytochemistry and also combines traditional knowledge with current scientific investigation, providing an entire perspective on <i>T. officinale.</i> This review article is helpful to get various important evidence about the plant which will works as guide for the future investigation and clinical applications.</p>