<p>Human-wildlife conflict represents one of the most complex and urgent challenges in biodiversity conservation, especially in India, where ecological richness intersects with dense human populations. Although global initiatives, such as the Kunming–Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, call for improved management of human–wildlife interactions, most conservation approaches still focus mainly on direct human–wildlife conflicts—such as crop damage, livestock loss, and retaliatory killings—rather than examining the broader social, ecological, and institutional factors that shape these relationships and interactions. This has led to a narrow conflict-versus-coexistence view that overlooks how human–wildlife dynamics evolve. To address this gap, this paper introduces a transformative conservation approach that views human–wildlife relationships as an evolving system where people, wildlife, and institutions continuously influence each other. Instead of treating conflict and coexistence as separate categories, I propose that human–wildlife interactions move over time through five recurring configurations: conflict, coadaptation, coexistence, coexistence conflict, and harmonious coexistence. These configurations are linked by key mechanisms and feedback that either reduce conflict and strengthen harmonious coexistence, or, if poorly managed, push systems back toward renewed conflict. Building on these key configurations, this paper introduces the CEAA Framework (Core Principles, Evaluation Criteria, Actions, Achievements) for advancing human–wildlife dynamics. The framework is adaptive because it supports flexible responses to changing ecological and social conditions; inclusive because it integrates local knowledge, community perspectives, and ecological, cultural, geographic, and institutional viewpoints; and transformative because it promotes long-term shifts in governance, decision-making, and human–wildlife relationships rather than short-term conflict mitigation alone. Through its principles and multi-level actions, the CEAA Framework provides practical applicability for human–wildlife dynamics in India and can be adapted to other regions facing similar challenges. In doing so, this approach contributes to advancing human–wildlife dynamics in alignment with the United Nations 2050 Vision of Living in Harmony with Nature.</p>