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<p>Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a peptide with significant therapeutic potential for enhancing wound healing and tissue regeneration, particularly in the context of diabetic ulcers. This review explores the combined effects of Tβ4 and selenium, emphasizing their roles in promoting wound healing, reducing inflammation, and improving insulin sensitivity. Evidence suggests that Tβ4 facilitates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis in various wound types, including burn wounds and diabetic ulcers, while also mitigating diabetes-associated neuropathy. Moreover, Tβ4 has been shown to enhance glucose metabolism and reduces insulin resistance, supporting its role in diabetes management. Selenium, known for its antioxidant and antibacterial properties, is crucial in the treatment of diabetic ulcers by enhancing the immune response and reducing infection rates. Additionally, selenium improves insulin sensitivity, making it a valuable adjunct in diabetes care. This review highlights the regulatory mechanisms through which Tβ4 and selenium exert their therapeutic effects. Their synergistic combination may offer a comprehensive approach to managing diabetic ulcers and associated complications. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the combined effects of these agents and their potential clinical applications in diabetes treatment.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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The combined impact of thymosin beta 4 and selenium on diabetic ulcers: a comprehensive review

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月27日

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  • Karthikeyen Srinivasan,
  • Rohith Sureshkumar,
  • Jayshree Nellore,
  • Bavanilatha Muthaiah,
  • Johnson Retnara Samuel Selvan Christyraj,
  • Valli Nachiyar Chandrasekaran

摘要

Thymosin β4 (Tβ4) is a peptide with significant therapeutic potential for enhancing wound healing and tissue regeneration, particularly in the context of diabetic ulcers. This review explores the combined effects of Tβ4 and selenium, emphasizing their roles in promoting wound healing, reducing inflammation, and improving insulin sensitivity. Evidence suggests that Tβ4 facilitates re-epithelialization and angiogenesis in various wound types, including burn wounds and diabetic ulcers, while also mitigating diabetes-associated neuropathy. Moreover, Tβ4 has been shown to enhance glucose metabolism and reduces insulin resistance, supporting its role in diabetes management. Selenium, known for its antioxidant and antibacterial properties, is crucial in the treatment of diabetic ulcers by enhancing the immune response and reducing infection rates. Additionally, selenium improves insulin sensitivity, making it a valuable adjunct in diabetes care. This review highlights the regulatory mechanisms through which Tβ4 and selenium exert their therapeutic effects. Their synergistic combination may offer a comprehensive approach to managing diabetic ulcers and associated complications. However, further research is necessary to elucidate the combined effects of these agents and their potential clinical applications in diabetes treatment.

Graphical Abstract