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<p>This study investigated the protective effects of four feed additives-turmeric (<i>Curcuma longa</i>), probiotic, multi-enzyme, and alpha-lipoic acid-against gossypol-induced immunosuppression and oxidative damage in quails. A total of 300 quails (14 days old) were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments with five replicates (10 birds each) in a completely randomized design. The trial lasted from 14 to 42 days of age. The experimental groups included: (1) Negative control (no gossypol or additives), (2) Positive control (116.6&#xa0;mg free gossypol/kg diet, no additives), (3) Positive control + 5000&#xa0;mg turmeric/kg diet, (4) Positive control + 100&#xa0;mg probiotic/kg diet, (5) Positive control + 500&#xa0;mg multi-enzyme/kg diet, and (6) Positive control + 300&#xa0;mg alpha-lipoic acid/kg diet. Results showed that body weight gain in the positive control was significantly lower than the negative control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Compared to the positive control group, turmeric increased body weight gain (BWG) by 15.6%, while probiotic and multi-enzyme increased BWG by 15.9% and 14.2%, respectively. All additives decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) to levels comparable with the negative control (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Gossypol significantly suppressed antioxidant enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation. Alpha-lipoic acid raised superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 105% and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 46.8% compared to the positive control. Turmeric, probiotic, and multi-enzyme also significantly restored antioxidant enzyme activities. Additionally, the additives reduced the gossypol-induced elevation in serum liver enzymes and increased antibody production. IgG levels in the probiotic and alpha-lipoic acid groups were restored by 60% compared to the positive control. These findings suggest that turmeric, probiotic, multi-enzyme, and alpha-lipoic acid can effectively mitigate gossypol-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression, and growth impairment in quails.</p>

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Protective role of feed additives against gossypol-induced immunosuppression and oxidative damage in quails

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Bagher Heydari-Sadegh,
  • Kamal Shojaeian,
  • Farzad Bagherzadeh-Kasmani,
  • Mahmoud Ghazaghi,
  • Aida Davari

摘要

This study investigated the protective effects of four feed additives-turmeric (Curcuma longa), probiotic, multi-enzyme, and alpha-lipoic acid-against gossypol-induced immunosuppression and oxidative damage in quails. A total of 300 quails (14 days old) were randomly assigned to six dietary treatments with five replicates (10 birds each) in a completely randomized design. The trial lasted from 14 to 42 days of age. The experimental groups included: (1) Negative control (no gossypol or additives), (2) Positive control (116.6 mg free gossypol/kg diet, no additives), (3) Positive control + 5000 mg turmeric/kg diet, (4) Positive control + 100 mg probiotic/kg diet, (5) Positive control + 500 mg multi-enzyme/kg diet, and (6) Positive control + 300 mg alpha-lipoic acid/kg diet. Results showed that body weight gain in the positive control was significantly lower than the negative control (p < 0.05). Compared to the positive control group, turmeric increased body weight gain (BWG) by 15.6%, while probiotic and multi-enzyme increased BWG by 15.9% and 14.2%, respectively. All additives decreased feed conversion ratio (FCR) to levels comparable with the negative control (p < 0.05). Gossypol significantly suppressed antioxidant enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation. Alpha-lipoic acid raised superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity by 105% and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels by 46.8% compared to the positive control. Turmeric, probiotic, and multi-enzyme also significantly restored antioxidant enzyme activities. Additionally, the additives reduced the gossypol-induced elevation in serum liver enzymes and increased antibody production. IgG levels in the probiotic and alpha-lipoic acid groups were restored by 60% compared to the positive control. These findings suggest that turmeric, probiotic, multi-enzyme, and alpha-lipoic acid can effectively mitigate gossypol-induced oxidative stress, immunosuppression, and growth impairment in quails.