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<p>Crush syndrome (CS) is a severe muscle injury that can result in various forms of systemic damage, with the most critical being acute kidney injury (AKI), electrolyte disorders, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. If left untreated, CS is associated with an extremely high mortality rate. Given the complexity of disaster environments and high number of casualties, medical personnel focus on rescuing victims and cannot conduct early field investigations on CS. This leads to a lack of post-rescue data collection, making animal models crucial for studying CS pathological mechanisms and therapies. Through systematic analysis of existing studies, this review constructs a framework for CS research models from three dimensions: selection of experimental animals, setting of compression parameters (time/strength) and design of compression devices, providing a theoretical basis for standardized experimental design. In view of the limitations of prehospital emergency measures such as traditional fluid resuscitation and hemodialysis, it has become the focus of current research to analyze the pathological mechanisms of CS and explore new therapeutic targets. In this paper, we review four innovative therapeutic strategies: (1) metabolic regulation mechanism of gas molecular intervention; (2) tissue repair potential of stem cell therapy; (3) molecular targeting of specific chemical drugs; and (4) immunomodulatory pathway of biological agents. By integrating the specifications of CS animal models and novel therapeutic advances, this study aims to provide multi-dimensional theoretical references and directions for subsequent mechanism exploration and clinical translation.</p>

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Crush syndrome: a comprehensive review of experimental models and emerging therapeutic strategies

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年5月26日

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  • Run Cao,
  • Xinyu Huang,
  • Wenqing Qi,
  • Bo Li,
  • Zhizhuo Lu,
  • Hailong Zhang,
  • Yuanfang Ma,
  • Yaohui Wang

摘要

Crush syndrome (CS) is a severe muscle injury that can result in various forms of systemic damage, with the most critical being acute kidney injury (AKI), electrolyte disorders, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. If left untreated, CS is associated with an extremely high mortality rate. Given the complexity of disaster environments and high number of casualties, medical personnel focus on rescuing victims and cannot conduct early field investigations on CS. This leads to a lack of post-rescue data collection, making animal models crucial for studying CS pathological mechanisms and therapies. Through systematic analysis of existing studies, this review constructs a framework for CS research models from three dimensions: selection of experimental animals, setting of compression parameters (time/strength) and design of compression devices, providing a theoretical basis for standardized experimental design. In view of the limitations of prehospital emergency measures such as traditional fluid resuscitation and hemodialysis, it has become the focus of current research to analyze the pathological mechanisms of CS and explore new therapeutic targets. In this paper, we review four innovative therapeutic strategies: (1) metabolic regulation mechanism of gas molecular intervention; (2) tissue repair potential of stem cell therapy; (3) molecular targeting of specific chemical drugs; and (4) immunomodulatory pathway of biological agents. By integrating the specifications of CS animal models and novel therapeutic advances, this study aims to provide multi-dimensional theoretical references and directions for subsequent mechanism exploration and clinical translation.