<p>This study examines the perception, disclosure, and financing of climate risks within India’s urban real estate sector through a qualitative synthesis of secondary sources. Despite escalating physical and transition risks, climate considerations remain poorly integrated into investment decisions, regulatory approvals, and lending practices. The research employs thematic and framework-based analysis of academic literature, policy documents, regulatory reports, and documented case studies from climate-vulnerable Indian cities. The synthesis identifies a self-reinforcing pattern of climate vulnerability driven by interconnected factors: limited investor awareness of location-specific risks, an absence of buyer-facing disclosure tools that perpetuates information asymmetry, and lending models that do not differentiate based on climate exposure. This pattern suggests systematic capital allocation toward vulnerable assets, with emerging evidence of asset devaluation in climate-exposed zones such as Chennai’s flood-prone wetlands and Gurugram’s water-stressed peripheries. The analysis also reveals the near-total exclusion of the informal housing sector from climate resilience frameworks. When benchmarked against global practices in Singapore, the Netherlands, and Florida, India exhibits significant governance gaps including the absence of mandatory climate risk disclosure, climate-informed spatial planning, and risk-based financial pricing. The study concludes by outlining an integrated policy pathway encompassing governance reforms, financial system alignment, market transparency mechanisms, and inclusive capacity-building to disrupt the identified cycle and foster climate-resilient urban development.</p>

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Climate risk and stranded asset vulnerability in India’s urban real estate market

  • Janardhana Anjanappa,
  • Vishal Singh

摘要

This study examines the perception, disclosure, and financing of climate risks within India’s urban real estate sector through a qualitative synthesis of secondary sources. Despite escalating physical and transition risks, climate considerations remain poorly integrated into investment decisions, regulatory approvals, and lending practices. The research employs thematic and framework-based analysis of academic literature, policy documents, regulatory reports, and documented case studies from climate-vulnerable Indian cities. The synthesis identifies a self-reinforcing pattern of climate vulnerability driven by interconnected factors: limited investor awareness of location-specific risks, an absence of buyer-facing disclosure tools that perpetuates information asymmetry, and lending models that do not differentiate based on climate exposure. This pattern suggests systematic capital allocation toward vulnerable assets, with emerging evidence of asset devaluation in climate-exposed zones such as Chennai’s flood-prone wetlands and Gurugram’s water-stressed peripheries. The analysis also reveals the near-total exclusion of the informal housing sector from climate resilience frameworks. When benchmarked against global practices in Singapore, the Netherlands, and Florida, India exhibits significant governance gaps including the absence of mandatory climate risk disclosure, climate-informed spatial planning, and risk-based financial pricing. The study concludes by outlining an integrated policy pathway encompassing governance reforms, financial system alignment, market transparency mechanisms, and inclusive capacity-building to disrupt the identified cycle and foster climate-resilient urban development.