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<p>Non-invasive glucose monitoring is a critical need for improving diabetes management and patient comfort. In this study, we theoretically design and optimize a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a novel multilayer structure of copper (Cu), potassium niobate (KNbO₃), and black phosphorus (BP) in a modified Kretschmann configuration. Numerical simulations based on the transfer matrix method (TMM) were performed to evaluate sensor performance across physiologically relevant urine glucose concentrations. The KNbO₃ layer enhances electromagnetic field confinement, while the BP monolayer provides efficient analyte adsorption due to its high surface-to-volume ratio. The optimized design achieves a maximum sensitivity of 608.33°/RIU and a figure of merit of 191.9 RIU⁻¹ significantly outperforming several recently reported urine glucose sensors. These results establish KNbO₃ as a promising dielectric for SPR applications and demonstrate the practical potential of the proposed platform as a cost-effective, label-free, and highly sensitive solution for point-of-care urine glucose monitoring.</p>

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Surface plasmon resonance sensor utilizing potassium niobate for non-invasive urine glucose detection

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月15日

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  • Muthumanicam M,
  • Lordwin Prabhakar M. C.,
  • Alagu Vibisha G,
  • Suresh P,
  • Habibur Rahman S. M. ,
  • Priyadharsini N,
  • Jaroszewicz Z,
  • Rajesh K. B.

摘要

Non-invasive glucose monitoring is a critical need for improving diabetes management and patient comfort. In this study, we theoretically design and optimize a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a novel multilayer structure of copper (Cu), potassium niobate (KNbO₃), and black phosphorus (BP) in a modified Kretschmann configuration. Numerical simulations based on the transfer matrix method (TMM) were performed to evaluate sensor performance across physiologically relevant urine glucose concentrations. The KNbO₃ layer enhances electromagnetic field confinement, while the BP monolayer provides efficient analyte adsorption due to its high surface-to-volume ratio. The optimized design achieves a maximum sensitivity of 608.33°/RIU and a figure of merit of 191.9 RIU⁻¹ significantly outperforming several recently reported urine glucose sensors. These results establish KNbO₃ as a promising dielectric for SPR applications and demonstrate the practical potential of the proposed platform as a cost-effective, label-free, and highly sensitive solution for point-of-care urine glucose monitoring.