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<p>The Zeta converter, while advantageous for its non-inverting output and continuous current, exhibits complex fourth-order dynamics that make robust voltage regulation challenging under real-world input voltage fluctuations and load variations. This instability poses a significant problem for its reliable application in systems like renewable energy and electric vehicles, necessitating an effective closed-loop control strategy. This study investigates the performance of Proportional-Integral (PI) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers to enhance voltage regulation, a key concern for real-world implementation. The research employs a closed-loop control strategy, comparing controllers tuned using both Ziegler-Nichols and manual methods. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink evaluate key metrics such as settling time, rise time, and output voltage ripple. Results indicate that while both controllers achieve similar settling times (46.5ms), the PID controller exhibits a marginally faster rise time (29.66ms vs. 30.606ms) and a lower output voltage ripple due to its derivative action. This comparison is crucial for practical design the PI controller offers simplicity and noise immunity advantageous in industrial environments, while the PID’s superior dynamic performance is essential for high-speed applications like electric vehicle power trains or mitigating rapid fluctuations in solar inverter inputs. The findings provide a clear trade-off between controller simplicity and performance, offering actionable insights for engineers to select the optimal control strategy based on specific application requirements, ultimately contributing to the design of more robust and efficient power electronic systems.</p>

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Enhancing voltage regulation of a zeta converter using PI and PID controllers: a comparative study under input voltage and load variation

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月10日

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  • Sumant Mishra,
  • Apoorva Srivastava,
  • Rafik Ahmad,
  • Nikhil Verma

摘要

The Zeta converter, while advantageous for its non-inverting output and continuous current, exhibits complex fourth-order dynamics that make robust voltage regulation challenging under real-world input voltage fluctuations and load variations. This instability poses a significant problem for its reliable application in systems like renewable energy and electric vehicles, necessitating an effective closed-loop control strategy. This study investigates the performance of Proportional-Integral (PI) and Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers to enhance voltage regulation, a key concern for real-world implementation. The research employs a closed-loop control strategy, comparing controllers tuned using both Ziegler-Nichols and manual methods. Simulations in MATLAB/Simulink evaluate key metrics such as settling time, rise time, and output voltage ripple. Results indicate that while both controllers achieve similar settling times (46.5ms), the PID controller exhibits a marginally faster rise time (29.66ms vs. 30.606ms) and a lower output voltage ripple due to its derivative action. This comparison is crucial for practical design the PI controller offers simplicity and noise immunity advantageous in industrial environments, while the PID’s superior dynamic performance is essential for high-speed applications like electric vehicle power trains or mitigating rapid fluctuations in solar inverter inputs. The findings provide a clear trade-off between controller simplicity and performance, offering actionable insights for engineers to select the optimal control strategy based on specific application requirements, ultimately contributing to the design of more robust and efficient power electronic systems.