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<p>Tamil Nadu’s coastal districts frequently experience flooding, with Tuticorin being especially susceptible because of its low-lying terrain, estuarine systems, and concentration of industrial and subsistence activities. This study defines flood hazard zones in Tuticorin district using a multi-criteria decision-making framework based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a GIS. Important variables were weighted using AHP and included in a GIS environment. These factors included rainfall, drainage density, slope, land use/cover, distance from a river, and flow length. About 85% of the district is located in high to very high flood hazard zones, primarily in coastal villages, salt pan areas, and urban communities close to estuaries. The remaining 0.47% of the district is categorised as low hazard. The results point to important hotspots that need focused interventions for infrastructure development, land-use planning, and catastrophe risk reduction. The method provides a repeatable decision-support tool for climate-resilient planning and shows how GIS-AHP Flood Hazard Zonation may be used for additional susceptible coastal districts in India outside of Tuticorin.</p>

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Flood Hazard Zonation in a vulnerable coastal district of Tamil Nadu using Geographical Information System (GIS) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月4日

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  • Arun Kumar,
  • Kamini Singh,
  • Ajay Kumar Arya,
  • Vinit Kumar,
  • Siddhant Vaish,
  • Kaushal Singh Barfal

摘要

Tamil Nadu’s coastal districts frequently experience flooding, with Tuticorin being especially susceptible because of its low-lying terrain, estuarine systems, and concentration of industrial and subsistence activities. This study defines flood hazard zones in Tuticorin district using a multi-criteria decision-making framework based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and a GIS. Important variables were weighted using AHP and included in a GIS environment. These factors included rainfall, drainage density, slope, land use/cover, distance from a river, and flow length. About 85% of the district is located in high to very high flood hazard zones, primarily in coastal villages, salt pan areas, and urban communities close to estuaries. The remaining 0.47% of the district is categorised as low hazard. The results point to important hotspots that need focused interventions for infrastructure development, land-use planning, and catastrophe risk reduction. The method provides a repeatable decision-support tool for climate-resilient planning and shows how GIS-AHP Flood Hazard Zonation may be used for additional susceptible coastal districts in India outside of Tuticorin.