Scholarlink

<p>Sambhar Lake, India’s largest inland saline lake is increasingly threatened by heavy metal (HM) contamination in its sediments, which poses potential ecological risks. This study investigates the spatial distribution, contamination levels, and ecological risk of HMs—Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Co—in surface sediments of Sambhar Lake, while identifying their potential sources. Twenty-five sediment samples were collected and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. Contamination was assessed using the contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), and geo-accumulation index (Igeo), while overall pollution levels and ecological risks were evaluated through the pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (PERI). Multivariate statistical analyses, including Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), were used to trace metal sources, and spatial mapping was conducted with GIS. The results revealed HM concentrations in the order of Cr &gt; Zn &gt; Ni &gt; Cu &gt; Pb &gt; Co, with Pb and Cr exceeding background values and the hot spot of metal concentrations are mostly along the periphery of the lake. Sediments ranged from uncontaminated to moderately contaminated, with PLI (0.52–1.11) indicating slight pollution. PERI values (15.37–28.09) showed low ecological risk. Low contamination of lead, copper and cobalt in these sediments are mostly due to the domestic waste material, sewage, and surface runoff of agricultural land. Exploratory data analysis (EDA) indicates that sources of heavy metals are geogenic as well as anthropogenic. These findings provide baseline data for pollution control and sustainable management of Sambhar Lake.</p>

错误：搜索内容不能为空，请输入英文关键词
错误：关键词超出字数限制，请精简
高级检索

Ecological risk mapping and heavy metal assessment in Sambhar Lake Sediments, Rajasthan, NW India

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月17日

查看全文
  • Sudipta Ghosh,
  • Sohini Das,
  • Arindam Gantait,
  • Shubhabrata Mukhopadhyay,
  • Sanjay Das

摘要

Sambhar Lake, India’s largest inland saline lake is increasingly threatened by heavy metal (HM) contamination in its sediments, which poses potential ecological risks. This study investigates the spatial distribution, contamination levels, and ecological risk of HMs—Pb, Ni, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Co—in surface sediments of Sambhar Lake, while identifying their potential sources. Twenty-five sediment samples were collected and analyzed using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry. Contamination was assessed using the contamination factor (CF), enrichment factor (EF), and geo-accumulation index (Igeo), while overall pollution levels and ecological risks were evaluated through the pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (PERI). Multivariate statistical analyses, including Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), were used to trace metal sources, and spatial mapping was conducted with GIS. The results revealed HM concentrations in the order of Cr > Zn > Ni > Cu > Pb > Co, with Pb and Cr exceeding background values and the hot spot of metal concentrations are mostly along the periphery of the lake. Sediments ranged from uncontaminated to moderately contaminated, with PLI (0.52–1.11) indicating slight pollution. PERI values (15.37–28.09) showed low ecological risk. Low contamination of lead, copper and cobalt in these sediments are mostly due to the domestic waste material, sewage, and surface runoff of agricultural land. Exploratory data analysis (EDA) indicates that sources of heavy metals are geogenic as well as anthropogenic. These findings provide baseline data for pollution control and sustainable management of Sambhar Lake.