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<p>Non-invasive 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and 1D Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were combined with geotechnical soil tests to assess subsurface conditions at a proposed construction site in a crystalline basement complex terrain. The geophysical survey identified three subsurface geoelectric layers: loess topsoil/laterite (40–424 Ωm, depth 0.8–1.7&#xa0;m), weathered basement (46−115 Ωm), and fractured to fresh basement rock (222−825 Ωm). The two-dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) delineated zones of weak or anomalous subsurface conditions with resistivity values ranging from &lt; 10 to &lt; 100 Ωm. These results were confirmed through geotechnical tests, including five DCPTs and three trial pits. Findings show an allowable bearing capacity of 199–217 kN/m² at depths of 2.0–3.0&#xa0;m, with settlement limited to 25&#xa0;mm, meeting building standards. Considering the bearing capacity and shallow groundwater, a pad foundation at 1.5&#xa0;m depth is advised, designed for a load not exceeding 180 kN/m². This study addresses the knowledge gap in the lack of integrated geophysical and geotechnical data for construction in basement terrains, emphasizing the value of combined geoscientific approaches in subsurface evaluation. However, the research does not account for seasonal variations that may influence foundation stability.</p>

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Integrated geoscientific investigation of subsurface conditions in the basement terrain of Minna, for engineering construction

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月1日

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  • Mark Igoche Ameh,
  • Akobundu Nwanosike Amadi,
  • Odunayo Tope Ojo,
  • Abduljalil Enesi Abubakar

摘要

Non-invasive 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and 1D Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) were combined with geotechnical soil tests to assess subsurface conditions at a proposed construction site in a crystalline basement complex terrain. The geophysical survey identified three subsurface geoelectric layers: loess topsoil/laterite (40–424 Ωm, depth 0.8–1.7 m), weathered basement (46−115 Ωm), and fractured to fresh basement rock (222−825 Ωm). The two-dimensional Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) delineated zones of weak or anomalous subsurface conditions with resistivity values ranging from < 10 to < 100 Ωm. These results were confirmed through geotechnical tests, including five DCPTs and three trial pits. Findings show an allowable bearing capacity of 199–217 kN/m² at depths of 2.0–3.0 m, with settlement limited to 25 mm, meeting building standards. Considering the bearing capacity and shallow groundwater, a pad foundation at 1.5 m depth is advised, designed for a load not exceeding 180 kN/m². This study addresses the knowledge gap in the lack of integrated geophysical and geotechnical data for construction in basement terrains, emphasizing the value of combined geoscientific approaches in subsurface evaluation. However, the research does not account for seasonal variations that may influence foundation stability.